Table 1.
Independent and dependent variable values of NLC formulations according to Box–Behnken design.
| Independent Variables | Levels | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| −1 | 0 | 1 | |||||
| X1: GMS amount (mg) | 100 | 150 | 200 | ||||
| X2: Poloxamer 407 (% w/w) | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | ||||
| X3: Oleic acid amount (mg) | 15 | 22.5 | 30 | ||||
| F | X1 GMS (mg) | X2 Poloxamer 407 (w/w %) | X3 Oleic acid (mg) | Y1 PS (nm) | Y2 EE (%) | Y3 ZP (mV) € | Y4 CDR (%) |
| 1 | −1 | 0 | 1 | 115.8 ± 2.4 | 75.2 ± 3.5 | (−) 28.4 ± 2.1 | 84.3 ± 3.3 |
| 2 | 0 | −1 | −1 | 180.0 ± 3.6 | 67.8 ± 2.8 | (−) 28.3 ± 1.5 | 54.2 ± 4.2 |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 157.7 ± 3.2 | 78.9 ± 3.1 | (−) 30.8 ± 2.4 | 69.8 ± 3.1 |
| 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 141.9 ± 2.5 | 81.3 ± 4.3 | (−) 34.9 ± 2.3 | 89.6 ± 4.5 |
| 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161.6 ± 3.8 | 81.4 ± 3.4 | (−) 30.2 ± 1.6 | 70.3 ± 3.8 |
| 6 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 107.2 ± 2.7 | 59.5 ± 3.1 | (−) 29.6 ± 3.4 | 78.6 ± 2.1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 203.2 ± 2.9 | 83.8 ± 3.3 | (−) 29.9 ± 2.5 | 75.4 ± 3.5 |
| 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167.0 ± 3.5 | 83.2 ± 2.8 | (−) 34.8 ± 1.8 | 72.3 ± 2.4 |
| 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 168.4 ± 3.2 | 82.9 ± 4.6 | (−) 30.7 ± 2.4 | 71.3 ± 2.9 |
| 10 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 132.0 ± 1.5 | 61.8 ± 3.6 | (−) 31.5 ± 1.7 | 66.9 ± 3.1 |
| 11 | 0 | −1 | 1 | 175.0 ± 4.6 | 85.3 ± 4.8 | (−) 29.8 ± 2.4 | 80.5 ± 4.4 |
| 12 | 1 | −1 | 0 | 230.8 ± 3.8 | 91.4 ± 3.5 | (−) 31.3 ± 1.4 | 65.7 ± 3.2 |
| 13 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 211.6 ± 2.6 | 89.5 ± 2.7 | (−) 35.1 ± 3.6 | 82.5 ± 2.3 |
| 14 | −1 | 0 | −1 | 125.4 ± 2.3 | 54.1 ± 4.6 | (−) 33.1 ± 2.7 | 59.3 ± 2.8 |
| 15 | 1 | 0 | −1 | 218.7 ± 5.2 | 86.9 ± 2.4 | (−) 27.5 ± 1.9 | 57.3 ± 3.1 |
| 16 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 148.0 ± 3.1 | 65.4 ± 6.2 | (−) 32.1 ± 1.3 | 61.4 ± 4.2 |
| 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 171.3 ± 2.5 | 84.3 ± 4.9 | (−) 28.9 ± 2.3 | 71.8 ± 5.2 |
€ Excluded from optimization due to insignificance.