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. 2022 Mar 15;23(6):3133. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063133

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Mechanisms of actions of Specialized proresolving lipid mediators in intimal hyperplasia are involved in different processes: (1) Blocking the migration of VSMC in the intima; (2) Inhibiting the proliferation of VSMC in the intima; (3) Increasing Macrophage Polarization in the anti-inflammatory phenotype; (4) Interfering with the adhesion of neutrophils and monocytes; (5) Reducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines; (6) Decreasing production of ROS by NOX. IL-1: Interleukine 1. IL-6: Interleukine 6. TNF-α: Tumor Necrosis Factor Alfa. M1: Classically activated macrophages. M2: Alternatively activated macrophages. RvD: Resolvins D Serie. MaR: Maresins. RvE: Resolvins E Serie. ATL: Aspirin-triggered lipoxin. NOX: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase ROS: Reactive oxygen species. O2-: Superoxide. VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule 1.