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. 2022 Mar 21;14(3):683. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030683

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic picture of the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infectivity. Unlike SC2 ssRNA virus, which has viral reproduction independent of the host genome, this counterpart pseudovirus carries on reporter ssRNA with LTR, which causes integration into the genome. In this study, the pseudovirus has been treated with either UV-C irradiation or photodynamic inactivation (PDI) by Photodithazine photosensitizer. The mechanism of infectivity of photo-inactivated pseudovirus particles has been compared on four levels; free-cell viral damage; viral cell entry; DNA integration; and expression of reporter genes. The figure was created with BioRender software.