Table 1.
A summary of developments of biosensors for breast cancer tumor markers.
| Type of Biosensor | Target | Detection Limit | Linear Range | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electrochemical biosensor | CV | CA15-3 | 0.64 U mL−1 | 2.0–240 U mL−1 | [67] | |
| EGFR | 1 pg mL−1 | 1 pg mL−1–100 ng mL−1 | [68] | |||
| miRNA-155 | 2 × 10−20 M | 2 × 10−20–2 × 10−12 M | [69] | |||
| DPV | BRCA1 | 0.0034 pM | 0.01 pM–1 nM | [70] | ||
| CA15-3 | 3.34 mU mL−1 | 0.01–1000 U mL−1 | [71] | |||
| BRCA1 | 3.01 × 10−16 M | 1.0 × 10−15–1.0 × 10−7 M | [72] | |||
| let-7a miRNA-21 |
3.6 fM (let-7a) 8.2 fM (miRNA-21) |
0.01–10 pM (let-7a) 0.02–10 pM (miRNA-21) |
[73] | |||
| SWV | MUC1 | 0.33 pM | 1.0 pM–10 µM | [75] | ||
| miRNA-21 miRNA-155 |
18.9 aM (miRNA-21) 39.6 aM (miRNA-155) |
0.1 fM–10 nM | [76] | |||
| LSV | HER2-ECD | 4.4 ng mL−1 | 15–100ng mL−1 | [77] | ||
| HER2 | 0.16 ng mL−1 | 7.5–50 ng mL−1 | [78] | |||
| CD44 CD44 positive cell |
2.17 pg mL−1 8 cells mL−1 |
0.01 ng mL−1–100 ng mL−1 10 cells mL−1–106 cells mL−1 |
[79] | |||
| EIS | HER2 MCF-7 cell |
19 fg mL−1 23 cells mL−1 |
0.001–10 ng mL−1 1 × 102–1 × 105 cells mL−1 |
[80] | ||
| MUC1 | 2.7 nM | 5–115 nM | [81] | |||
| BRCA1 | 3 fM | 10 fM–0.1 µM | [82] | |||
| FET | miRNA-155 | 0.03 fM | 0.1 fM–10 nM | [85] | ||
| CEA | 10 pg mL−1 | 0.1–100 ng mL−1 | [86] | |||
| Optical biosensor | Fluorescence biosensor | CEA | 7.9 pg mL−1 (Water) 10.7 pg mL−1 (Human serum samples) |
0.03–6 ng mL−1 (Water) 0.03–6 ng mL−1 (Human serum samples) |
[89] | |
| miRNA-21 | 0.03 fM | 0.1–125 fM | [90] | |||
| Colorimetric biosensor | BRCA1 | 10−18 M | 10−12–10−18 M | [91] | ||
| BRCA1 | 0.34 fM | 1 fM–100 pM | [92] | |||
| SPRi | CEA | 0.12 ng mL−1 | 0.40–20 ng mL−1 | [94] | ||
| HER2-positive EXO | 8280 exosomes μL−1 | 8280–33,100 exosomes μL−1 | [95] | |||
| EXO | 5000 exosomes mL−1 | / | [96] | |||
| SERS | miR-K12-5-5p | 884 pM | / | [97] | ||
| MicroRNA | / | / | [98] | |||
| ECL | BRCA1 | 0.71 fM | 1.0 fM–0.1 nM | [99] | ||
| EXO | 7.41 × 104 exosomes | 3.4 × 105–1.7 × 108 exosomes mL−1 | [100] | |||
| miRNA-21 | 3.2 aM | 0.01–10,000 fM | [101] | |||
| QCM | miRNA-21 | 3.6 pM | 2.5 pM–2.5 μM | [104] | ||
| MDA-MB-231 cell MCF-7 cell |
300 cells mL−1 (M231) 1000 cells mL−1 (MCF-7) |
1 × 103–5.0 × 105 cells mL−1 (M231) 5 × 103–4 × 105 cells mL−1 (MCF-7) |
[103] | |||
| MDA MB 231 cell | 12 cells mL−1 | 50–300 cells ml−1 | [106] | |||
| CA15-3 | 0.5 U mL−1 | 0.5–100 U mL−1 | [105] | |||
| PEC | HER2 | 0.36 ng mL−1 | 0.5–10 ng mL−1 | [107] | ||
| VEGF165 | 0.3 fM | 1–3000 fM | [108] | |||
| MIPs | DPV | CA15-3 | 0.10 U mL−1 | 0.10 U mL−1–100 U mL−1 | [114] | |
| HER2-ECD | 1.6 ng mL−1 | 10–70 ng mL−1 | [115] | |||
| BRCA1 | 2.53 fM | 10 fM–100 nM | [113] | |||
| Potentiometric Procedures | CA15-3 | 1.07 U mL−1 | 1.44–13.2 U mL−1 | [116] | ||
| Microfluidic chip | GMR | CEA AFP total PSA free PSA PG I PG II CYFRA21-1 NSE free-β-hCG SCC Tg CA19-9 |
0.5–500 ng mL−1 (CEA) 1–1000 ng mL−1 (AFP) 0.1–100ng mL−1 (total PSA) 0.1–50 ng mL−1 (free PSA) 2–200 ng mL−1 (PG I) 1–100 ng mL−1 (PG II) 0.5–100 ng mL−1 (CYFRA21-1) 1–200 ng mL−1 (NSE) 0.5–200 ng mL−1 (free-β-hCG) 0.5–70 ng mL−1 (SCC) 5–2000 ng mL−1 (Tg) 4–800 U mL−1 (CA19-9) |
[119] | ||
| SERS | CA125 CA153 CEA |
0.01 U mL−1 (CA153) 0.01 U mL−1 (CA125) 1 pg mL−1 (CEA) |
[120] | |||