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. 2022 Mar 11;19(6):3345. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063345

Table 4.

Multiple regression analyses predicting drinking frequency and quantity across age groups.

Frequency Quantity
20s 30s 40s 50s 20s 30s 40s 50s
(n = 212) (n = 207) (n = 279) (n = 293) (n = 212) (n = 207) (n = 279) (n = 293)
β β β β β β β β
Demographic Variables
Education 0.06 −0.04 0.03 −0.03 −0.06 −0.01 −0.09 −0.12 *
Marital Status 0.05 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.10 −0.10 −0.04 −0.04
Household Income 0.02 0.14 *** −0.02 −0.01 0.00 0.06 −0.03 −0.03
Smoking 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.12 * 0.12 * 0.16 ** 0.06
Norms
Descriptive Norms 0.45 *** 0.58 *** 0.47 *** 0.43 *** 0.32 *** 0.31 *** 0.21 *** 0.27 ***
Injunctive Norms 0.21 *** 0.07 0.16 *** 0.17 *** 0.19 ** 0.12 * 0.18 ** 0.21 ***
Motives
Enhancement 0.30 *** 0.19 *** 0.29 *** 0.25 *** 0.13 0.29 *** 0.24 ** 0.24 ***
Coping −0.01 0.03 −0.01 0.08 0.04 −0.13 −0.13 −0.08
Social 0.05 0.07 −0.02 0.01 0.15 * 0.11 0.11 0.00
Conformity −0.10 −0.27 *** −0.43 *** −0.21 ** −0.11 −0.14 −0.33 *** −0.16
Environmental −0.04 0.04 0.17 ** −0.07 −0.08 0.04 0.16 0.04
R 2 0.55 0.61 0.57 0.34 0.36 0.37 0.31 0.21
F (p) 22.02
(<0.001)
27.82
(<0.001)
31.99
(<0.001)
12.96
(<0.001)
10.01
(<0.001)
10.48
(<0.001)
11.06
(<0.001)
6.96
(<0.001)

Note: Marital status (married = 1, single/divorced/widow = 0), smoking (smoker = 1, non-smoker = 0); R2 = 19.8%; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.