Table 3.
Meta-analysis models of overall and subgroup analysis for individual variables with significant results.
| Categories | Variable (Optimal Transformation) |
Meta-Analysis | Model | Heterogeneity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cochran’s Q (p-Value) |
I2 (%) | ||||
| Chemical scavenger | Vitamin C (Square-root) |
Overall | Fixed-effect | 6.37 (0.0950) | 52.00 |
| Asian sub | Fixed-effect | 1.90 (0.1682) | 47.35 | ||
| Western sub | Fixed-effect | 1.82 (0.1772) | 45.07 | ||
| Vitamin B6 (Square-root) |
Overall | Random-effect | 47.97 (<0.0001) | 92.32 | |
| Asian sub | Random-effect | 29.81(<0.0001) | 96.65 | ||
| Western sub | Random-effect | 4.76 (0.0292) | 78.98 | ||
| Vitamin B12 (Inverse-normal) |
Overall | Random-effect | 35.13 (<0.0001) | 89.58 | |
| Asian sub | Random-effect | 32.37 (<0.0001) | 96.91 | ||
| Western sub | Fixed-effect | 0.32 (0.5730) | <0.01 | ||
| Folate (Square-root) |
Overall | Random-effect | 12.58 (0.0056) | 75.21 | |
| Asian sub | Fixed-effect | 0.33 (0.5648) | <0.01 | ||
| Western sub | Fixed-effect | 1.29 (0.2564) | 22.36 | ||
|
β-carotene (Inverse-normal) |
Overall | Random-effect | 54.70 (<0.0001) | 90.11 | |
| Korean sub | Fixed-effect | 0.22 (0.6357) | <0.01 | ||
| Asian sub | Random-effect | 25.38 (<0.0001) | 90.34 | ||
| Western sub | Random-effect | 11.82 (0.0006) | 91.54 | ||
| Oxidative Damage | Ox-LDL (Square-root) |
Overall | Fixed-effect | 1.43 (0.4882) | <0.01 |
| Korean sub | Fixed-effect | 0.21 (0.6436) | <0.01 | ||