. 2022 Feb 21;3(1):R19–R33. doi: 10.1530/RAF-21-0024
This work is licensed under a Table 2.
Characteristics of the included studies. We included 11 eligible articles and summarized the characteristics of the mode, semen specimen information, sample size, intervention concentration, control, and duration. Reported sperm parameters included progressive motility in cervical mucus and vanguard sperm penetration distance. Values are mean ± s.d. or as specified.
| Reference | Mode | Sperm characteristics | Sample size | Duration (h) | Control | Intervention concentration | Reported sperm parameters (mm) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Concentration | Motility | Treated | Control | Treated | Control | Treated | Control | ||||
| Vanguard sperm penetration distances | |||||||||||
| Sharman et al. (1986) | In vitro | >40 × 106/mL | >60% | 3 | 3 | 2 | Tyrode’s solution | % | % | ||
| 0.033 mg/mL | 28.2 ± 4.1 | 27.3 ± 4.1 | |||||||||
| 0.33 mg/mL | 13.4 ± 1.77 | 27.3 ± 4.1 | |||||||||
| 3.3 mg/mL | 7.86 ± 2.3 | 27.3 ± 4.1 | |||||||||
| Dunmire & Katz (1997b) | In vitro | >40 × 106/mL | >55% | 4 | 4 | >2 | 3 | Water | 100 mg/mL | 41.5 ± 1.0 | 44.2 ± 0.3 |
| Dunmire & Katz (1997a) | In vitro | >40 × 106/mL | >55% | 10 | 10 | >2 | 3 | 100 mg/mL | % | % | |
| Water | 40.4 ± 6 | 45.7 ± 4.1 | |||||||||
| Saline | 44.0 ± 2.8 | 49.3 ± 5.1 | |||||||||
| Mahony (2001) | In vitro | >100 × 106/mL | >50% | 5 | 5 | 4 | Saline | 5 mg/mL | 2 ± 0.4 | 39 ± 6.7 | |
| PR sperm count/HPF | |||||||||||
| Mauck et al. (1997a) | PCT | – | 10 | 10 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.6 | PB | VCF® (70 mg N-9) | 0±0 | 22.2 ± 20.2 | |
| Mauck et al. (1997c) | PCT | – | 10 | 10 | PB | % | % | ||||
| 2.8 ± 0.5 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | VCF® (70 mg N-9) | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 23.7 ± 26.7 | |||||||
| 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 100 mg N-9 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 23.7 ± 26.7 | |||||||
| 2.5 ± 0.5 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 130 mg N-9 | 0.9 ± 2.3 | 23.7 ± 26.7 | |||||||
| Mauck et al. (1997b) | PCT | – | 7 | 7 | PB | % | % | ||||
| 2.3 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | Femcap® with N-9 | 0.2 ± 0.4 | 18.0 ± 20.5 | |||||||
| 2.6 ± 0.3 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | Diagram with N-9 | 0 ± 0 | 18.0 ± 20.5 | |||||||
| Ayotte & Colin (2002) | PCT | >20 × 106/mL | 5 | 9 | <3 h | PB | Protectaid® sponge (0.125%N-9) | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 17.8 ± 7.2 | ||
| Amaral et al. (2004) | PCT | – | 20 | 20 | <2 h | PB | 2% N-9 | 0.07 ± 0.23 | 17.94 ± 19.91 | ||
| Schwartz et al. (2008) | PCT | 2–3 h | PB | % | % | ||||||
| – | 13 | 14 | SILCS (metal)+N-9 | 0 ± 0 | 12.5 ± 8.8 | ||||||
| – | 8 | 14 | SILCS (polymer spring)+N-9 | 0 ± 0 | 12.5 ± 8.8 | ||||||
| Mauck et al. (2017) | PCT | – | 9 | 9 | 2–3 h | PB | Caya®+3% N-9 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 22.5 ± 33.4 | ||
PB, personal baseline; PR, progressively motile; PCT, postcoital tests.