Figure 1.

(A) Significance and the amount of variance in gut microbiome composition explained by several microbiome covariates modeled with EnvFit on an NMDS ordination based on Bray-Curtis distances from the 16S rRNA short amplicon sequencing data. The x axis describes the explained variance (r²) and the color the p-value (adjusted for false discovery rate with the Benjamani-Hochberg method). Annotation for necrotising enterocolitis, NEC; retinopathy of prematurity, ROP. P < 0.05 = *. (B) Principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot based on ASV level taxonomy obtained through 16S rRNA short amplicons sequencing describing the dissimilarity of probiotic-supplemented (n = 63) and non-supplemented groups (n = 31) based on taxonomy.