Table 2.
Regimens, Adverse Reactions and Outcomes
| Treatment | Value |
|---|---|
| Preemptive therapya | 207 (77.20%) |
| Loading dose% | 110 (41.04%) |
| Loading dose≥2.0mg/kg | 59 (22.01%) |
| Maintenance dose ≥1.25mg/kg q12h | 39 (14.55%) |
| Loading dose (mg/kg) | 1.01 (0.84–1.69) |
| Maintenance dose (mg/kg q12h) | 0.85 (0.82–1.00) |
| Cumulative dose (mg) | 928.57 (552.50–1361.11) |
| Treatment duration time (days) | 9.67 (6.12–13.81) |
| Combination of drugs* | |
| Tigecycline | 84 (31.34%) |
| Carbapenems | 75 (27.99%) |
| β-lactams | 90 (33.58%) |
| Glycopeptides | 44 (16.42%) |
| Others | 41 (15.30%) |
| Efficacy | |
| Clinical effectiveness | 98/268 (36.57%) |
| 7-day clearance | 96/326 (29.45%) |
| Course of treatment clearance | 136/345 (39.42%) |
| Bacteria removal time (days) | 6.67 (4.17–10.92) |
| All-cause mortalityb | 91 (33.96%) |
| Survival time (days)c | 10 (6.0–20.5) |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 36.00 (21.80–67.00) |
| Adverse reactions | 56 (19.58%) |
| Nephrotoxicity (AKI)c | 22 (8.21%) |
| Skin pigmentation | 20 (6.99%) |
| Drowsiness | 4 (1.49%) |
| Neuromuscular block | 3 (1.12%) |
| Drug-induced | 2 (0.75%) |
| Drug eruption | 1 (0.37%) |
| Itching | 1 (0.37%) |
| Feel nausea | 1 (0.37%) |
| Hepatotoxicity | 1 (0.37%) |
| Insomnia | 1 (0.37%) |
Notes: aPreemptive therapy defined as the use of PMB before or within two days of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity results; bAll-cause mortality include in-hospital deaths and patients discharged from hospital in critical condition with low blood pressure after abandonment of treatment; cSurvival time defined as the time from the beginning of PMB to the end of in-hospital death or abandonment of treatment; cNephrotoxicity (AKI): Creatinine was increased by 2 times after treatment compared with baseline (before treatment). *There were two or more drugs combined with PMB.
Abbreviations: PMB, Polymyxin B; ICU, Intensive Care Unit; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; CR-GNB, Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Bacteria; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration.