Table 5.

EBE Sleep Stage Misclassification Errors

A
Device	Wake (Dreem)			Light (Dreem)			Deep (Dreem)			REM (Dreem)
	Light (Device)	Deep (Device)	REM (Device)	Wake (Device)	Deep (Device)	REM (Device)	Wake (Device)	Light (Device)	REM (Device)	Wake (Device)	Light (Device)	Deep (Device)
Fitbit Inspire HR	0.37	0.04	0.14	0.07	0.11	0.10	0.03	0.42	0.04	0.09	0.41	0.03
Oura Ring	0.33	0.16	0.10	0.06	0.23	0.10	0.01	0.24	0.03	0.08	0.45	0.09
Polar Vantage V Titan	0.41	0.10	0.13	0.04	0.23	0.14	0.02	0.45	0.08	0.06	0.47	0.11
B
Device	Wake (Device)			Light (Device)			Deep (Device)			REM (Device)
	Light (Dreem)	Deep (Dreem)	REM (Dreem)	Wake (Dreem)	Deep (Dreem)	REM (Dreem)	Wake (Dreem)	Light (Dreem)	REM (Dreem)	Wake (Dreem)	Light (Dreem)	Deep (Dreem)
Fitbit Inspire HR	0.32	0.06	0.28	0.05	0.14	0.24	0.02	0.31	0.07	0.05	0.22	0.03
Oura Ring	0.31	0.03	0.28	0.06	0.09	0.29	0.04	0.37	0.10	0.04	0.25	0.03
Polar Vantage V Titan	0.29	0.06	0.30	0.05	0.17	0.29	0.03	0.44	0.16	0.04	0.30	0.08

Notes: (A) Proportions for device EBE sleep stage misclassification errors versus those scored by the reference Dreem headband. Dreem-scored classifications are the larger column categories, with the three possible device-scored misclassifications under each category. (B) Proportions of sleep stage EBE differences in Dreem-scored classifications from the device-scored epochs. Device-scored classifications are the larger column categories, with the three possible Dreem-scored differences in classification under each category. Results are shown for all devices that output sleep stage classifications.

Abbreviations: EBE, epoch by epoch; REM, rapid eye movement.