Table 3. Odds ratios for gastric cancer risk and 95% confidence intervals according to the tertiles of intake of energy and macronutrients in this case-control study in the Cancer Institute of Iran (2010-2012).
| Nutrient/ tertiles of intake |
Crude
OR (95% CI) |
P -trend |
Partial adjusted
OR (95% CI) a |
P -trend |
Full adjusted
OR (95% CI) b |
P -trend |
| Carbohydrate | 0.380 | 0.094 | 0.072 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.63 (1.02, 2.59) | 1.31 (0.77, 2.21) | 1.29 (0.75, 2.24) | |||
| Third | 0.81 (0.51, 1.29) | 0.64 (0.38, 1.08) | 0.61 (0.35, 1.06) | |||
| Fiber | 0.110 | 0.786 | 0.757 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.17 (0.73, 1.85) | 1.13 (0.67, 1.88) | 1.14 (0.66, 1.95) | |||
| Third | 0.68 (0.43,1.09) | 0.93 (0.55, 1.56) | 1.09 (0.63, 1.90) | |||
| Sucrose | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.89 (1.18, 3.04) | 1.67 (0.97, 2.79) | 1.59 (0.92, 2.75) | |||
| Third | 2.73 (1.96, 4.40) | 2.50 (1.48, 4.23) | 2.94 (1.66, 5.19) | |||
| Protein | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.011 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.78 (1.12, 2.86) | 1.47 (0.87, 2.47) | 1.40 (0.81, 2.42) | |||
| Third | 2.43 (1.51, 3.9) | 2.11 (1.25, 3.56) | 2.04 (1.17, 3.55) | |||
| Animal protein | 0.380 | 0.390 | 0.687 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 0.99 (0.62, 1.56) | 0.98 (0.58, 1.64) | 0.98 (0.57, 1.69) | |||
| Third | 1.23 (0.78, 1.95) | 0.78 (0.48, 1.34) | 0.89 (0.52, 1.54) | |||
| Vegetable protein | 0.001 | 0.774 | 0.409 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 0.24 (0.15, 0.39) | 1.02 (0.59, 1.75) | 0.89 (0.50, 1.57) | |||
| Third | 0.22 (0.13, 0.36) | 0.93 (0.55, 1.58) | 0.79 (0.45, 1.39) | |||
| Total fat | 0.380 | 0.782 | 0.520 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.93 (1.21, 3.09) | 1.61 (0.96, 2.69) | 1.71 (1.00, 2.93) | |||
| Third | 0.81 (0.5, 1.29) | 1.06 (0.63, 1.79) | 1.18 (0.68, 2.04) | |||
| Animal fat | 0.180 | 0.854 | 0.669 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 0.61 (0.39, 0.98) | 1.00 (0.59, 1.68) | 0.93 (0.54, 1.60) | |||
| Third | 0.73 (0.46, 1.15) | 0.95 (0.57, 1.59) | 0.89 (0.52, 1.53) | |||
| Vegetable fat | 0.001 | 0.214 | 0.108 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 0.7 (0.44, 1.12) | 1.04 (0.61, 1.75) | 0.99 (0.57, 1.72) | |||
| Third | 0.34 (0.21, 0.56) | 0.73 (0.43, 1.22) | 0.64 (0.37, 1.12) | |||
| Saturated fatty acids | 0.040 | 0.048 | 0.055 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.72 (1.08, 2.75) | 1.98 (1.17, 3.37) | 2.21 (1.26, 3.87) | |||
| Third | 1.63 (1.02, 2.59) | 1.71 (1.01, 2.89) | 1.73 (0.99, 3.00) | |||
| Monounsaturated fatty acids | 0.860 | 0.233 | 0.107 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.77 (1.11, 2.82) | 1.76 (1.05, 2.95) | 1.89 (1.09, 3.26) | |||
| Third | 1.04 (0.65, 1.66) | 1.36 (0.81, 2.29) | 1.56 (0.90, 2.68) | |||
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids | 0.010 | 0.204 | 0.448 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.23 (0.78, 1.96) | 1.17 (0.71, 1.95) | 1.23 (0.72, 2.09) | |||
| Third | 0.54 (0.34, 0.87) | 0.71 (0.42, 1.19) | 0.79 (0.46, 1.38) | |||
| Cholesterol | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.005 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 2.12 (1.32, 3.39) | 1.77 (1.05, 2.98) | 1.88 (1.09, 3.25) | |||
| Third | 2.44 (1.52, 3.92) | 2.23 (1.32, 3.77) | 2.22 (1.28, 3.85) | |||
| Percent of calorie from carbohydrates | 0.070 | 0.020 | 0.015 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.04 (0.66, 1.66) | 1.04 (0.62, 1.67) | 1.05 (0.60, 1.82) | |||
| Third | 0.65 (0.41, 1.03) | 0.59 (0.35, 1.01) | 0.57 (0.33, 0.98) | |||
| Percent of calorie from proteins | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.99 (1.23, 3.24) | 1.45 (0.85, 2.47) | 1.39 (0.79, 2.44) | |||
| Third | 5.05 (3.06, 8.32) | 3.39 (1.92, 5.96) | 3.09 (1.69, 5.61) | |||
| Percent of calorie from fat | 0.263 | 0.696 | 0.444 | |||
| First | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Second | 1.34 (0.84, 2.13) | 1.22 (0.74, 2.05) | 1.36 (0.79, 2.33) | |||
| Third | 1.34 (0.84, 2.13) | 0.95 (0.56, 1.61) | 1.06 (0.61, 1.83) |
a Adjusted for age, gender, and energy
bbAdjusted for age, gender, energy, education, smoking, and body mass index