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. 2022 Mar 8;13:814855. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.814855

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Copyright © 2022 Wang, Wu, Zhou, Qiu, Zhang, Tu, Zhou, Shao, Xu, Wang and Tao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Apoptosis ratio, intracellular ROS and NO levels of HAECs induced by different concentrations of TMAO in vitro. (A) Representative images of apoptosis ratio. Quantitative analysis of apoptosis ratio (B), relative ROS levels (C) and relative NO levels (D). n = 5 for each group; *p < 0.05 vs. control group.