TABLE 2.
Characteristics of participants.
| Characteristics | Total participants (N = 2,360) |
| Continuous variables | |
| Age(years) | 49 ± 6 |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 30 ± 7 |
| Serum glucose level (mg/dL) | 103 ± 39 |
| Serum alanine aminotransferase level (U/L) | 27 ± 19 |
| Serum creatinine level (mg/dL) | 0.8 ± 0.4 |
| Total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level (25(OH)D) (nmol/L) | 63 ± 25 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 level (25(OH)D2) (nmol/L) | 3 ± 10 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level (25(OH)D3) (nmol/L) | 60 ± 25 |
| 3-epi-25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 level (epi-25OHD3) (nmol/L) | 4 ± 3 |
| Daily sun exposure time(min) | 126 ± 115 |
| Daily vitamin D(D2 + D3) intake(mcg) | 12 ± 21 |
| Categorical variables | |
| Gender | |
| Male | 1,190(50%) |
| Female | 1,170(50%) |
| Race | |
| Mexican American | 403(17%) |
| Other Hispanic | 260(11%) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1,011(43%) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 449(19%) |
| Other Race – Including Multi-Racial | 237(10%) |
| Smoking history | 1,056(45%) |
BMI, body mass index. Values in the continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Values in the categorical variables were expressed in number and percentage (%).