TABLE 1.
Comparison among EC50 and LC50 values calculated for AgNPs in freshwater and marine taxa.
| Taxa | Freshwater | Marine | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | EC 50 /LC 50 | References | Species | EC 50 /LC 50 | References | |
| Phytoplankton | Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata = Raphidocelis subcapitata | 0.18–1.14 mgL−1 | Ivask et al. (2014), Sohn et al. (2015) | Talassiosira sp. | 107.21 ± 7.43 µgL−1 | Pham (2019) |
| 0.74 mgL−1 (spheres) | ||||||
| 2.573 mgL−1 (AgNW) | ||||||
| Chlorella vulgaris | 9.2 mgL−1 (Cit) | Kalman et al. (2015) | Phaedactylum tricornutum | 143–184 µgL-1 | Sendra et al. (2017) | |
| 9.3 mgL−1 (PVP) | ||||||
| 49.3 mgL−1 (PEG) | ||||||
| Microcrustaceans | Daphnia magna | 1->200 μgL1 | Allen et al. (2010), Li et al. (2010), Poynton et al. (2012), Ivask et al. (2014), Mackevica et al. (2015), Conine et al. (2017) | Artemia salina | 5.5 × 100 µgL−1 (PVP) | Arulvasu et al. (2014), Becaro et al. (2015), Gambardella et al. (2015), An et al. (2019), Asadi Dokht Lish et al. (2019) |
| 1.8 µgL1 (Cit) | 10.70 ± 1.3 mgL−1 (spheres) | |||||
| 10.6 µgL1 (PVP) | 0.43 ± 0.04 mgL−1 (AgNW) | |||||
| LC 50 (24 h) 9.96 (6.64–14.94) mgL−1 | ||||||
| LC 50 (48 h) 3.79 (2.28–6.29) mgL−1 | ||||||
| EC 50 (24 h) 3.56 (1.99e6.35) mgL−1 | ||||||
| 21.35 ± 5.67 mgL−1 (Cit) | ||||||
| 42.44 ± 11.30 mgL−1(Cit) | ||||||
| Daphnia dentifera | 34–292 µgL1 | Conine et al. (2017) | — | — | — | |
| Bivalves and snails | Physa acuta | 2.18 µgL−1 (without sediment) | Bernot and Brandenburg, (2013) | Mytilus galloprovincialis | 2.05 mg L−1 (PVP/PEI) (hemocytes), 4.74–9.5/4.39–8.69 mgL−1 (Mal-20, 40,100) (hemocytes/gills), 19.13–22.79/18.22–20.45 mgL−1 (spheres 20–80) (hemocytes/gills) | Katsumiti et al. (2015), Duroudier et al. (2019b) |
| 10 µgL−1 (with sediment) | ||||||
| Benthic-grazers | — | — | — | Paracentrotus lividus | 3 mgL−1 (embryos) | Šiller et al., 2013, Gambardella et al. (2015) |
| 0.55 mgL−1 (sperm motility) | ||||||
| Fish | Danio rerio | 1.22 mgL−1 (Cit-20) | Abramenko et al. (2018), Caceres-Velez et al. (2018), Caceres-Velez et al. (2019), Liu et al. (2019) | — | — | — |
| 2.14 mgL−1 (Cit-100) | ||||||
| 1.34 mgL−1 (PVP-20) | ||||||
| 2.57 mgL−1 (PVP-100) | ||||||
| 0.0169 mgL−1 (AgPL) | ||||||
| 0.0415 mgL−1 (spheres) | ||||||
| 1.19 mgL−1 (embryos without HA) | ||||||
| 3.56 mgL−1 (embryos with HA) | ||||||
| 25.0 mgL−1 (adults without HA) | ||||||
| 40.56 mgL−1 (adults with HA) | ||||||
| Oryzias latipes | 1.8 mgL−1 (spheres) | Abramenko et al. (2018) | — | — | — | |
| 4.18 mgL−1 (AgNW) | ||||||