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. 2022 Mar 24;36(4):1008–1014. doi: 10.1177/08971900221080283

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This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

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Figure 1. — Proposed pathway of reduced glutathione ameliorating SARS-CoV-2 cytokine storm. ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ACE2, angiotensin 2 converting enzyme; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappaB; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. N-acetylcysteine supplementation may increase supply of GSH. The anti-inflammatory effects of GSH are mediated through decreased production of ROS and reduced activation of NF-kB, signified by the red lines. Figure reprinted with permission by Silvagno et al.