FIGURE 4.

Upper graph: the c.C2164T mutation produced a truncated soluble protein LDLR^Q722* compared with wild‐type LDLR. LDLR^Q722* was secreted and attached to the surface of the small extracellular vesicle (sEV). Lower right graph: in the presence of LDLR^Q722*, LDLR^Q722* carried by sEV binds to LDL, subsequently enters cells via heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPG) and clathrin‐mediated endocytosis and transports to early endosome, in which the sEV^{Ad‐LDLR‐Q722*}/LDL complex was dissociated. Then, LDLR^Q722* were released and secreted to the extracellular, while LDL trafficking to the lysosome for its degradation. Lower left graph: in the presence of wild‐type LDLR, LDL binds to the cell surface LDLR and the LDLR–LDL complex is internalised via clathrin‐mediated endocytosis, followed by lysosomal degradation of LDL, but the LDLR is recycled on the cell surface