Fig. 4.

Biocompatibility analysis of microporous bioink. A) Schematic illustration of cell migration tested by the Calcein-AM staining (the green arrows indicate cell migration). B) Live and Dead staining (green fluorescence and red fluorescence representing live cells and dead cells, respectively) and C) quantification of cell viability and DNA content of chondrocytes in cell-laden constructs. D) Immunofluorescence of Ki67 (green fluorescence representing proliferating cells and yellow arrows indicating cells undergoing division) and E) cell cycle analysis to evaluate cell proliferation. *p < 0.05. ***p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)