Table 2.
Distribution of HIV testing and baseline and adjusted logistic regression models for ever having an HIV test among refugee and displaced youth aged 16–24 years recruited for the Tushirikiane trial in Kampala, Uganda (n = 446).
| Never had HIV test | Ever had HIV test | Baseline model a | Adjusted model b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%), or mean (SD.) | N (%), or mean (SD.) | OR (95% CI) | p-value c | OR (95% CI) | p-value c | |
| Total | n = 252 | n = 194 | ||||
| Socio-demographic variables | ||||||
| Age, years | 19.6 (2.3) | 20.5 (2.5) | 1.17 (1.08–1.27) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.90–1.11) | 0.956 |
| Gender | 0.668 | 0.884 | ||||
| Cisgender man | 128 (50.8) | 100 (51.6) | Ref | Ref | — | |
| Cisgender woman | 124 (49.2) | 94 (48.4) | 0.92 (0.63–1.35) | 0.97 (0.61–1.52) | — | |
| Length of time in Uganda | 0.521 | — | ||||
| <1 year | 9 (3.6) | 7 (3.6) | Ref | — | — | |
| 1–5 years | 136 (54.0) | 102 (52.6) | 1.05 (0.37–2.94) | — | ||
| 6–10 years | 78 (31.0) | 53 (27.3) | 0.96 (0.33–2.76) | — | ||
| >10 years | 29 (11.5) | 32 (16.5) | 1.52 (0.50–4.65) | — | ||
| Material context | ||||||
| Employment status | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| No employment | 93 (37.7) | 65 (34.0) | Ref | Ref | — | |
| Student | 104 (42.1) | 55 (28.8) | 0.59 (0.36–0.97) | 0.60 (0.35–1.03) | — | |
| Employed (paid/unpaid) | 50 (20.2) | 71 (37.2) | 1.88 (1.14–3.08) | 1.79 (1.03–3.10) | — | |
| Income security | 0.246 | — | — | |||
| Never | 129 (51.4) | 79 (40.9) | Ref | — | ||
| Sometimes | 95 (37.9) | 79 (40.9) | 1.15 (0.73–1.83) | — | ||
| Always | 27 (10.8) | 35 (18.1) | 1.70 (0.99–3.19) | — | ||
| Highest level of education | 0.002 | <0.001 | ||||
| Less than secondary | 65 (26.2) | 45 (23.3) | Ref | Ref | — | |
| Some secondary | 114 (46.0) | 66 (34.2) | 0.89 (0.54–1.45) | 0.88 (0.51–1.52) | — | |
| Secondary + | 69 (27.8) | 82 (42.5) | 1.89 (1.34–3.13) | 2.30 (1.27–4.17) | — | |
| Relational context | ||||||
| Children | <0.001 | 0.052 | ||||
| No | 238 (94.4) | 164 (84.5) | Ref | Ref | — | |
| Yes | 14 (5.6) | 30 (15.5) | 3.19 (1.62–6.28) | 2.17 (0.98–4.81) | — | |
| Relationship status | 0.044 | 0.333 | ||||
| No current partner | 122 (48.6) | 67 (35.1) | Ref | Ref | — | |
| Dating one partner/married | 93 (37.1) | 89 (46.6) | 1.64 (1.07–2.50) | 1.34 (0.84–2.13) | — | |
| Casual dating/multiple partners | 36 (14.3) | 35 (18.3) | 1.68 (0.96–2.93) | 1.49 (0.80–2.78) | — | |
| Social Provisions Scale | 66.2 (5.8) | 66.9 (6.3) | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.615 | — | |
| Symbolic context | ||||||
| Sexual Relationship Power Scale | 41.8 (9.3) | 42.4 (8.7) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.998 | — | |
| Condom Use Self-Efficacy | 13.9 (5.5) | 14.7 (4.6) | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 0.043 | 1.01 (0.96–1.05) | 0.738 |
| Experienced physical IPV | <0.001 | 0.005 | ||||
| Never | 244 (96.8) | 173 (89.2) | Ref | Ref | — | |
| Ever | 8 (3.2) | 21 (10.8) | 4.52 (1.92–10.7) | 3.61 (1.43–9.10) | — | |
| Experienced sexual IPV | 0.083 | — | ||||
| Never | 235 (93.3) | 172 (88.7) | Ref | — | ||
| Ever | 17 (6.8) | 22 (11.3) | 1.80 (0.92–3.52) | — | ||
| HIV-related Stigma Scale | 21.0 (5.7) | 21.3 (5.6) | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | 0.886 | — | — |
| Adolescent SRH stigma | 9.0 (3.4) | 9.3 (3.0) | 1.00 (0.94–1.07) | 0.902 | — | |
Note: SD, standard deviation; OR, odds ratio; ref, reference; IPV, intimate partner violence; SRH, sexual and reproductive health. Participants identifying as transgender (n = 3) are excluded due to small numbers.
aBaseline model conducted using logistic regression controlling for settlement as an a priori covariate to control for clustering.
bAdjusted model conducted using logistic regression controlling for settlement and gender a priori and all significant baseline model variables.
cP-values calculated from likelihood ratio test.