Table 1.
Characteristics for patients with synchronous or metachronous metastatic disease at metastatic diagnosis.
| Synchronous (n = 3304) | Metachronous (n = 826) | Early metachronous (n = 214) | Late metachronous (n = 612) | p value a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 2459 (74.4%) | 643 (77.8%) | 169 (79.0%) | 474 (77.5%) | 0.11 |
| Age (years)–median (IQR) | 69 (61–76) | 66 (59–73) | 66 (60–73) | <0.001 | |
| Comorbidities | 0.03 | ||||
| 0 | 1561 (47.2%) | 406 (49.2%) | 108 (50.5%) | 298 (48.7%) | |
| 1 | 1003 (30.4%) | 273 (33.1%) | 65 (30.4%) | 208 (34%) | |
| ⩾2 | 594 (18.0%) | 129 (15.6%) | 35 (16.4%) | 94 (15.4%) | |
| Unknown | 146 (4.4%) | 18 (2.2%) | 6 (2.8%) | 12 (2.0%) | |
| Performance status | <0.001 | ||||
| 0–1 | 1509 (45.7%) | 295 (35.7%) | 60 (28.0%) | 235 (38.4%) | |
| ⩾2 | 544 (16.5%) | 159 (19.2%) | 47 (22.0%) | 112 (18.3%) | |
| Unknown | 1251 (37.9%) | 372 (45.0%) | 107 (50.0%) | 265 (43.3%) | |
| Primary tumor location | <0.001 | ||||
| Esophagus | 1552 (47.0%) | 502 (60.8%) | 132 (61.7%) | 370 (60.5%) | |
| Gastroesophageal junction – Cardia | 521 (15.8%) | 94 (11.4%) | 29 (13.6%) | 65 (10.6%) | |
| Noncardia stomach | 1231 (37.3%) | 230 (27.8%) | 53 (24.8%) | 177 (28.9%) | |
| cT stage at primary diagnosis | <0.001 | ||||
| cT1 | 16 (0.5%) | 13 (1.6%) | 3 (1.4%) | 10 (1.6%) | |
| cT2 | 1127 (34.1%) | 264 (32.0%) | 51 (23.8%) | 213 (34.8%) | |
| cT3 | 786 (23.8%) | 455 (55.1%) | 132 (61.7%) | 323 (52.8%) | |
| cT4 | 322 (9.7%) | 34 (4.1%) | 11 (5.1%) | 23 (3.8%) | |
| cTX | 1053 (31.9%) | 60 (7.3%) | 17 (7.9%) | 43 (7.0%) | |
| cN stage at primary diagnosis | <0.001 | ||||
| cN0 | 593 (17.9%) | 339 (41%) | 68 (31.8%) | 271 (44.3%) | |
| cN1 | 955 (28.9%) | 268 (32.4%) | 69 (32.2%) | 199 (32.5%) | |
| cN2 | 1113 (33.7%) | 170 (20.6%) | 66 (30.8%) | 104 (17%) | |
| cN3 | 292 (8.8%) | 28 (3.4%) | 7 (3.3%) | 21 (3.4%) | |
| cNX | 351 (10.6%) | 21 (2.5%) | 4 (1.9%) | 17 (2.8%) | |
| Lauren’s classification at primary diagnosis | 0.03 | ||||
| Intestinal | 1319 (39.9%) | 340 (41.2%) | 78 (36.4%) | 262 (42.8%) | |
| Diffuse | 869 (26.0%) | 205 (24.8%) | 57 (26.6%) | 148 (24.2%) | |
| Mixed | 79 (2.4%) | 5 (0.6%) | 1 (0.5%) | 4 (0.7%) | |
| Indeterminate | 120 (3.6%) | 40 (4.8%) | 9 (4.2%) | 31 (5.1%) | |
| Adenocarcinoma NOS | 917 (27.8%) | 236 (28.6%) | 69 (32.2%) | 167 (27.3%) | |
| Tumor differentiation at primary diagnosis | <0.001 | ||||
| Well/moderate | 688 (20.8%) | 276 (33.4%) | 56 (26.2%) | 220 (35.9%) | |
| Poorly/undifferentiated | 1292 (39.1%) | 407 (49.3%) | 125 (58.4%) | 282 (46.1%) | |
| Unknown | 1324 (40.1%) | 143 (17.3%) | 33 (15.4%) | 110 (18.0%) | |
| HER2 status | 0.01 | ||||
| Positive | 411 (12.4%) | 70 (8.5%) | 12 (5.6%) | 58 (9.5%) | |
| Negative | 1488 (45.0%) | 388 (47.0%) | 98 (45.8%) | 290 (47.4%) | |
| Unknown | 1405 (42.5%) | 368 (44.6%) | 104 (48.6%) | 264 (43.1%) | |
| Metastatic sites | 0.001 | ||||
| 1 | 1930 (58.4%) | 430 (52.1%) | 101 (47.2%) | 329 (53.8%) | |
| ⩾2 | 1374 (41.6%) | 396 (47.9%) | 113 (52.8%) | 283 (46.2%) | |
| Distant lymph node metastases | 1281 (38.8%) | 268 (32.4%) | 64 (29.9%) | 204 (33.3%) | 0.002 |
| Liver metastases | 1597 (48.3%) | 222 (26.9%) | 72 (33.6%) | 150 (24.5%) | <0.001 |
| Lung metastases | 581 (17.6%) | 189 (22.9%) | 45 (21.0%) | 144 (23.5%) | 0.001 |
| Bone metastases | 479 (14.5%) | 155 (18.8%) | 49 (22.9%) | 106 (17.3%) | 0.002 |
| Peritoneal metastases | 889 (26.9%) | 292 (35.4%) | 78 (36.4%) | 214 (35.0%) | <0.001 |
| Other metastases | 469 (14.2%) | 293 (35.5%) | 88 (41.1%) | 205 (33.5%) | <0.001 |
HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; IQR, interquartile range; NOS, not otherwise specified.
a
Statistical analysis between patients with synchronous, early metachronous, or late metachronous metastatic disease.