Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Gray lines represent genetic penetrance as a function of birth year simulated based on either the scaling model (Eqn 13, on left) or the standard homoscedastic GxE model (Eqn 1, on right). Red lines represent genetic penetrance as a function of birth year estimated from the real data using the heteroscedastic regression model (Eqn 2). Analyses based on standardized BMI data.
