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. 2022 Mar 8;13:834211. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.834211

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Copyright © 2022 Louch, Perdreau-Dahl and Edwards.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Progress in unraveling cardiac EC coupling based on experimental imaging and mathematical modeling. Continual advancement of imaging technologies (left column) has provided the tools for critical experimental insight during the last decades. Complementary advancements in mathematical modeling have contributed to shifting the paradigm in our understanding of EC coupling (right column). In recent years, experimental and modeling developments have allowed a near merging of the spatial and temporal scales that each can be used to investigate. EM, electron microscopy; TEM, transmission EM; CICR, calcium-induced calcium release; SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum.