. 2022 Jan 12;8(2):660–667. doi: 10.1002/vms3.721

TABLE 4.

The effects of stinging nettle on the serum activities levels of enzymes related to tissue damage in broilers exposed to chronic heat stress

		Age (days)				p‐value
Indices	Groups	14	21	29	35	Group	Days	Group × days
ALT (U/L)	Control	78.25 ± 3.41^a,b	82.17 ± 3.64^a	75.99 ± 4.78^a	78.60 ± 4.40^a	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	HS	72.60 ± 3.50^a	72.21 ± 5.08^a	137.21 ± 3.62^b	98.58 ± 3.46^b
	HS‐SN2	82.54 ± 3.69^a,b	81.51 ± 3.61^a	106.09 ± 4.60^c	69.92 ± 4.10^a
	HS‐SN4	76.63 ± 9.04^a,b	74.41 ± 4.36^a	92.25 ± 2.48^d	73.29 ± 4.61^a
	SN2	89.12 ± 3.03^b	75.62 ± 4.38^a	69.42 ± 4.35^a	77.50 ± 3.74^a
	SN4	78.23 ± 4.52^a,b	81.41 ± 2.41^a	74.59 ± 4.65^a	69.29 ± 2.22^a
AST (U/L)	Control	206.10 ± 17.86^a	203.97 ± 19.92^a	204.42 ± 9.04^a	209.50 ± 18.25^a	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	HS	241.09 ± 28.52^a	195.74 ± 18.20^a	359.57 ± 25.74^b	276.84 ± 21.89^b
	HS‐SN2	207.51 ± 18.67^a	230.33 ± 23.38^a	297.61 ± 29.38^b	252.61 ± 31.17^a,b
	HS‐SN4	214.96 ± 22.80^a	225.91 ± 30.60^a	298.83 ± 31.60^b	249.32 ± 23.47^a,b
	SN2	203.54 ± 34.78^a	242.25 ± 28.83^a	203.35 ± 18.44^a	200.91 ± 17.38^a
	SN4	191.22 ± 26.45^a	203.97 ± 19.89^a	208.69 ± 23.81^a	196.43 ± 24.21^a
CK (U/L)	Control	1350.33 ± 143.84^a	1361.52 ± 115.09^a	1367.67 ± 172.33^a	1285.09 ± 148.36^a	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	HS	1235.71 ± 130.59^a	1277.44 ± 135.67^a	2160.14 ± 203.75^b	1485.78 ± 129.22^a
	HS‐SN2	1307.43 ± 141.85^a	1345.67 ± 138.72^a	1489.63 ± 208.66^a	1328.62 ± 181.71^a
	HS‐SN4	1354.59 ± 136.26^a	1444.19 ± 140.85^a	1398.11 ± 164.77^a	1322.88 ± 125.24^a
	SN2	1323.28 ± 152.67^a	1309.72 ± 122.44^a	1313.18 ± 133.77^a	1531.73 ± 140.76^a
	SN4	1394.31 ± 129.18^a	1232.34 ± 123.61^a	1278.64 ± 125.82^a	1323.58 ± 140.96^a

AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; CK, creatine kinase; Control, basal diet at normal temperature; HS, basal diet at cyclic heat stress; HS‐SN2, basal diet supplemented by 2% stinging nettle at cyclic heat stress; HS‐SN4, basal diet supplemented by 4% stinging nettle at cyclic heat stress; SN2; basal diet supplemented by 2% stinging nettle at normal temperature; SN4: basal diet supplemented by 4% stinging nettle at normal temperature.

Different letters in the superscripts of the same columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).