Some of the advantages and disadvantages of different electrochemical transducers.

Type of detection method	Advantages	Disadvantages	Ref.
Potentiometric	Simple assembly technique, mass production, cost-effective, simple monitoring instrument/in field detection, fast operation, high sensitivity towards targeted ions, easy management system for POC measurement	Low selectivity, temperature-dependent system, impact solution changes, enormous mistake caused by logarithmic response, need additional components such as B. For signal amplification as the potential depends on the concentration of the analyte	80–82
Voltammetric	Real-time detection, simultaneous analysis of several samples	Environmentally sensitive, time consuming, and temperature sensitive	83 and 84
Impedometric	Small amplitude perturbation from steady state	The sensitivity of measurement depends on the technical accuracy of the equipment and on the operating techniques	85 and 86
Piezoelectric	High frequency response, high sensitivity, high accuracy, high dynamic range	Poor spatial resolution, dynamic sensing only, charge leakages	87