TABLE 2.

Formulas and criteria for signal mining.

Method	Formula	Criteria
ROR	$ROR=\frac{\text{a}/\text{c }}{b/d}$	a≥3 and lower limit 95%CI > 1
	$SE\left(lnROR\right)=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\right)}$
	$95\%CI=e^{lnROR\pm 1.96SE\left(lnROR\right)}$
PRR	$PRR=\frac{a/\left(a+b\right)}{c/\left(c+d\right)}$ $SE\left(lnPRR\right)=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{c+d}\right)}$ $95\%CI=e^{lnPRR\pm 1.96SE\left(lnPRR\right)}$	a≥3 and lower limit 95%CI > 1
MHRA	$PRR=\frac{a/\left(a+b\right)}{c/\left(c+d\right)}$	a≥3,PRR≥2 and χ2≥4
	${\chi }^2=\frac{{(|ad-bc|-n/2)}^{2}n}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}$
	OR ${\chi }^2=\frac{{\left(ad-bc\right)}^{2}n}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}$
BCPNN	$E\left(IC\right)={\log }_2\left(\frac{\left(a+1\right){\left(n+2\right)}^2}{\left(n+4\right)\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a+c+1\right)}\right))$	lower limit 95%CI > 0
	$V\left(IC\right)={\left(\ln 2\right)}^{-2}\left(\frac{n-a+3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(n+5\right)}+\frac{n-\left(a+b\right)+1}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(n+3\right)}+\frac{n-\left(a+c\right)+1}{\left(a+c+1\right)\left(n+3\right)}\right)$ $95\%CI=E\left(IC\right)\pm 2\sqrt{V\left(IC\right)}$