Table 3.
The role of miR-484 in Cancerous Diseases.
| Disease | Species and tissue or cell type | Alteration of miR-484 expression | Method for miR-484detection | Target gene | Method for target validation | Biological function | Sample size in clinical studies | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GC | Human gastric tissue (China); Gastric cell lines (HGC-27, SNU-1, AGS, NCI-N87, GES-1) | down-regulation | qRT-PCR | N/A | N/A | Inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | The paired GC tissue and matched adjacent normal tissue specimens(n=124) | (104) |
| 2 | GC | Human gastric tissue (China); Gastric cell lines (MGC-803, BGC-823, SGC-7901, MKN-45, MKN-7, GES-1) | down-regulation | qRT–PCR | CCL-18 | qRT-PCR, WB and Luciferase assays | Inhibit cell proliferation | The GC tissues and paracancerous tissues | (35) |
| 3 | GC | Human gastric tissue (Iran); | down-regulation | polyA-qPCR | N/A | N/A | N/A | The GC(n=40), NG (n=31) and GD(n=45) samples | (100) |
| 4 | CRC | Human CRC cell lines (HCT116, SW480, SW620, HT-29 and LOVO) | down-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Suppress cell proliferation and invasion | N/A | (28) |
| 5 | CRC | Humam CRC tissues (China) Human CRC cell lines (HCT116, SW480, SW620, HT-29 and LOVO) |
down-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Suppress cell proliferation and invasion | The CRC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues (n = 49) | (36) |
| 6 | CRC | Humam CRC tissues (China) Human colon epithelium cell line (FHC) Human CRC cell lines (HCT116, SW480, SW620, DLD-1, HT-29) |
down-regulation | qRT–PCR | KLF12 | qRT-PCR, WB and Luciferase assays | Suppress cell proliferation and invasion | CRC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues(n=63) | (37) |
| 7 | MSI-CRC | Humam CRC tissues (China) MSS cell lines (HT29, Caco2, SW620, and SW480) and MSI cell lines (HCT116, LoVo, and LS174T) |
down-regulation | miRCURY LNA microRNA array (version 8.1) qRT–PCR |
CD137L | qRT-PCR, WB and Luciferase assays | Tumour suppressor; Arrests the production of IL-8 | Divided the CRC specimens into a testing set of 54 samples and a validation set of 67 samples | (33) |
| 8 | CRC | Human BP(China) | In stage I-II CRC: down-regulation In stage III-IV: up-regulation |
qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Contribute to early diagnosis and surveillance of the progress of CRC. | The blood samples of CRC patients of I-IV stage (n=53) and controlled healthy people(n=50) | (105) |
| 9 | HCC | Human HCC tissues (China) Human HCC cell line PLC/PRF/5, SK-Hep-1, Hep3B, HepG2 |
up-regulation | Luciferase reporter | N/A | N/A | Promotes tumorigenesis | HCC primary tumor samples (n = 112) and matched peritumor tissue samples (n = 36), adjacent normal tissue of hepatic hemangioma patients (n = 10) | (38) |
| 10 | HCC | Human HCC tissues (China) The human HCC cell lines Hep3B and HCCLM3 |
up-regulation | qRT–PCR | TUSC5 | IHC and WB | Promotes tumorigenesis | Paired HCC and adjacent normal tissue(n=50) | (39) |
| 11 | HCC(HGDN) | Human HGDN specimen (China) Mouse liver tissue Cell lines: THLE-3, NIH/3T3, HL7702, QSG7701, human-induced hepatocytes (hiHeps), mouse-induced hepatocytes (miHeps). |
up-regulation | H&E staining and in situ hybridisation | SAMD9 TBL1X |
TargetScan analysis pull-down assay Luciferase reporter Immunoblot analysis Western blot assays |
Induce hepatocellular malignant transformation | All HGDN samples obtained during liver transplantations or liver resections. | (40) |
| 12 | PC | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines: PANC-1, SW1990, CFPAC-1, bxpc-3 | down-regulation | DIANA tools and TargetScan | YAP | WB Luciferase reporter qRT-PCR |
Suppress cell proliferation Predicts a good outcome in patients with PDAC | N/A | (30) |
| 13 | PC | N/A | down-regulation | TCGA database GEO database |
N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | (106) |
| 14 | PC | Human BPs (American) | up-regulation | qRT–PCR (normalized using miR-16) TaqMan Array |
N/A | N/A | N/A | Serum samples from PC patients (n=19; stage I: 3; stage II: 16) chronic pancreatitis (n = 10), healthy controls (n = 10), and patients with PNETs (n = 10) | (107) |
| 15 | PCa | Human prostate cell lines: RWPE-1, RWPE-2,22Rv1, LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3 | up-regulation | qRT–PCR | PSMG1 | qRT–PCR Luciferase reporter |
Promotes recurrence and migration | N/A | (41) |
| 16 | PCa | Human BP(China) | Dwon-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Assess drug therapy | Healthy Males(n=34) PCa Patients (n=72) |
(108) |
| 17 | PCa | Human urine (Egypt) | Down-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Predict the occurrence, progression, and prognosis | Healthy Males(n=10) Pca Patients (n=8) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients(n=12) |
(109) |
| 18 | RCC (ccRCC) |
Human kidney tissue (China) Human ccRCC cell lines (786-O, A498, ACHN and aki-1) |
Down-regulation | qRT–PCR | ZEB1 | TargetScan database The dual-luciferase reporter experiment qRT-PCR WB |
Tumor-Suppressive | The ccRCC samples and matching normal kidney tissue samples(n=40) | (27) |
| 19 | RCC (mRCC) |
Human kidney tissue (Czech Republic) | Responders to sunitinib: Down-regulation Nonresponders to sunitinib: Up-regulation |
High-throughput miRNA analysis qRT–PCR |
N/A | N/A | Connected with sunitinib resistance and failure of the mRCC | The mRCC patients treated with sunitinib after 9 months and divided into two groups: (a) responders to the treatment(n=44) (b) nonresponders with rapid progression(n=19). | (110) |
| 20 | RCC (mRCC) |
Human kidney tissue (Spain) | Responders to sunitinib: Down-regulation Nonresponders to sunitinib: Up-regulation |
qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Connected with sunitinib resistance and failure of the mRCC | The mRCC patients treated with sunitinib. Responders to the treatment(n=14) Nonresponders with rapid progression(n=6). | (111) |
| 21 | LC (NSCLC) |
Human BPs (China) NSCLC cell lines: A549, NCI-H460, 95D, H358, 16HBE. |
Up-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Promotes tumorigenesis | serum samples from patients with NSCLC(n=150) and healthy volunteers(n=50) | (112) |
| 22 | LC (NSCLC) |
Human lung tissue (China) Human NSCLC cell lines, A549, H1650, PC9 and BEAS–2 B |
Up-regulation | High-throughput miRNA analysis qRT–PCR |
Apaf-1 | IF qRT–PCR WB |
Promotes tumorigenesis | NSCLC tissues and their matched adjacent non-tumor tissues(n=20) | (42) |
| 23 | LC (LUDA) |
Exosome from Human BP(China) | Up-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Promotes tumorigenesis | Human BP exosome from LUAD patients((n=6)) and healthy controls(n=6) | (113) |
| 24 | MPM | Human pleural tissue (Turkey) | Up-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Potential biomarkers | Pleural specimens from MPM patients(n=18) and BAPE patients(n=6) | (114) |
| 25 | NPC | Human nasopharyngeal cell line, HONE1 | NPC radioresistant patients: Up-regulation |
GSE4850 qRT–PCR |
OLA1 | qRT–PCR mirDIP database |
Potential biomarkers | N/A | (43) |
| 26 | NPC (NMC) |
Human tumors tissue from nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. | Up-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Potential biomarkers | The tumors of the nasal cavity(n=2) and the maxillary sinus(n=1). | (115) |
| 27 | BCa (ER positive) |
Human breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and T-47D) | Down-regulation | qRT–PCR | KLF4 | TCGA qRT–PCR WB The dual-luciferase reporter experiment |
Reduce tamoxifen resistance |
N/A | (44) |
| 28 | BCa | Human breast cancer tissues (China) Human breast cancer cell lines (MCF7, MDA-MB-231 (MDA-231), MDA-MB-436 (MDA-436), MDA-MB-468 (MDA-468), ZR-75-30, and Hs-578T) |
Up-regulation | qRT–PCR | CDA | qRT–PCR WB The dual-luciferase reporter experiment |
Improves chemosensitization and cell proliferation | Primary breast cancer samples(n=193) and noncancerous mammary controls(n=36) | (116) |
| 29 | CC | Human cervical cancer tissue (China) and cell lines(S12) | No treatment: Down-regulation 5-Aza-CdR treatment: Up-regulation |
qRT–PCR The luciferase reporter assay Genomic bisulfite sequencing |
MMP14 HNF1A |
qRT–PCR WB The dual-luciferase reporter experiment |
Inhibited cell adhesion and tumor growth | The cervical cancer tissues (n=20 pairs) | (32) |
| 30 | CC | Human cervical cancer tissues (China) and cell lines: HeLa, Caski, ME-180, C33A, SiHa and SW756 | Down-regulation | qRT–PCR | ZEB1 SMAD2 |
qRT–PCR WB |
Inhibits cell growth, cell cycle but exacerbates apoptosis | Human cervical cancer tissues and the adjacent noncancerous tissues(n=15) | (45) |
| 31 | CC | Human BPs (China) | Up-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Differential miRNAs | Venous blood from cervical cancer patients(n=13), CINIII patient(n=1) and normal controls(n=10) | (117) |
| 32 | OC | Human BPs (Denmark) |
Up-regulation | qRT–PCR | N/A | N/A | Differential miRNAs | The plasma samples from age-matched patients with malignant (n=95) and benign pelvic mass (n =95) | (118) |
| 33 | OC | Human BP exosomes (China) |
Down-regulation | qRT-PCR | N/A | N/A | Differential miRNAs | The blood samples from OC patients(n=113) and healthy volunteers(n=60) | (119) |
| 34 | FTC | Human thyroid tissues (Germany) |
Down-regulation | miRNA sequencing | N/A | N/A | Differential miRNAs | FTC samples(n=19) and FA samples(n=23) | (120) |
| 35 | Glioma | Human glioma tissues (China) Human glioma cell lines: U87 and U251 |
Up-regulation | ISH qRT-PCR |
MAP2 | qRT–PCR WB The dual-luciferase reporter experiment |
Augment the tumor-initiating capability | The glioma tissues(n=153) and para-carcinoma tissues(n=30) | (47) |
| 36 | OS | Human BPs (China) | Down-regulation | RT-qPCR | N/A | N/A | Differential miRNAs | The BP samples from healthy volunteers, OS patients, and periostitis patients. | (121) |
NG, normal gastric tissue; GD, gastric dysplasia; PDAC, pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma; PNET, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors; ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; mRCC, metastatic renal cell carcinoma; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; LUAD, lung adenocarcinomas; MPM, malignant pleural mesothelioma; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma; NMC, nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) midline carcinoma; CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; FTC, follicular thyroid carcinoma; FA, follicular thyroid adenoma; IF, immunofluorescence; ISH, in situ hybridization; WB, western blotting.
NA, Not answered.