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. 2022 Mar 9;13:825829. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.825829

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Copyright © 2022 Mubeen, Shahzadi, Akram, Saeed, Yasin, Ahmad, Shah, Siddiqui and Alamri.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of benzenedicarboxylic acid (Bd) on photosynthesis-related parameters of Brassica alboglabra under toxic conditions of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and cadmium (Cd). Leaf relative water content (A), net photosynthesis rate (B), stomatal conductance (C), internal CO₂ concentration (D), transpiration rate (E), maximum quality yield of PS-II (F), and electrolyte leakage (G). Values demonstrate means ± SD (n = 5). Different letters indicate a significant difference among the treatments (P ≤ 0.05). Bd, benzenedicarboxylic acid; Cd, cadmium; DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; Bd_Cal, benzedicarboxylic acid doped calcium.