Table 1.
Demographic and ocular characteristic of SLE patients and healthy subjects.
| Parameters | SLE Patients (n = 96) | Healthy subjects (n = 72) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, y | 35.8 ± 10.9 | 38.4 ± 9.78 | 0.089 |
| Female, n(%) | 91 (94.7%) | 67 (93.1%) | |
| Dry eye symptom | |||
| OSDI (out of 100) | 10.0 (4.5,18.0) | 5.0 (2.5,11.9) | <0.001 |
| Tear film characteristics | |||
| NIKBUT(s) | 9.6 (6.6,15.0) | 12.3 (8.4, 15.8) | 0.035 |
| Tear film lipid layer grade (out of 5) | 2 (2,3) | 3 (2,3) | 0.030 |
| TMH (mm) | 0.19 (0.16,0.23) | 0.21 (0.17, 0.28) | 0.049 |
| Eyelid characteristics | |||
| Meiboscale of Pult score (out of 4) | 2 (1,3) | 1 (1,2) | 0.010 |
| Eyelid margin notching | 20 (20.8%) | 11 (15.3%) | 0.358 |
| Eyelid margin telangiectasia | 13 (13.5%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.015 |
| Eyelid margin plugging | 21 (21.9%) | 15 (20.8%) | 0.871 |
| TFOS DEWS II DED diagnosis | 33 (34.3%) | 13 (18.1%) | 0.019 |
| Sub-categories of DED | |||
| Total DED | 33 | 13 | |
| ADDE | 10 (30.3%) | 1 (7.7%) | |
| EDE | 9 (27.3%) | 8 (61.5%) | |
| Mixed DED | 14 (42.4%) | 4 (30.8%) |
Data is presented as mean ± SD, median and interquartile range (IQR, 25–75%), or number of participants (% of participants). SLE, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; OSDI, Ocular Surface Disease Index; TMH, Tear Meniscus Height; NIKBUT, Non-invasive Tear Film Breakup Time. The bold values means significant results.