TABLE 3.
Properties of biological tissues (Kelly & Prendergast, 2005; Chen et al., 2011; Tortorici et al., 2021). All poroelastic tissues had a specific weight of the wetting liquid of 9.74 × 10–6 N/mm3 and a bulk modulus of fluid of 2,300 MPa. The axial, radial, and circumferential directions are indicated by 1, 2, and 3, respectively. E: elastic modulus; ν: Poisson’s ratio; G: shear modulus.
| Isotropic and poroelastic tissues | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tissue | Diffusion coefficient (mm2/day) | Elastic modulus (MPa) | Poisson’s ratio | Permeability (mm/s) | Void ratio | Bulk modulus of grain (MPa) | |
| Subchondral bone | 0.01 | 17,000 | 0.3 | 9.74 × 10–11 | 0.042 | 13,920 | |
| Cancellous bone | 0.01 | 6,000 | 0.3 | 3.63 × 10–8 | 4 | 13,920 | |
| Poroelastic cartilage | 0.05 | 10 | 0.167 | 4.87 × 10–8 | 4 | 3,700 | |
| Fibrous tissue | 0.10 | 2 | 0.167 | 9.74 × 10–8 | 4 | 2,300 | |
| Granulation tissue | 0.80 | 0.2 | 0.167 | 9.74 × 10–8 | 4 | 2,300 | |
| Transversally Isotropic and poroelastic tissue | |||||||
| Tissue | Elastic modulus (MPa) | Poisson’s ratio | Shear modulus (MPa) | Permeability (mm/s) | Void ratio | Bulk modulus of grain (MPa) | |
| Meniscus | • E1 = 0.5 | • ν12 = 0.5 | • G12 = 0.167 | 4.87 × 10–8 | 4 | 3,700 | |
| • E2 = 0.5 | • ν23 = ν31 = 0.0015 | • G23 = G31 = 0.05 | |||||
| • E3 = 100 | |||||||
| Isotropic and hyperelastic tissue | |||||||
| Tissue | Strain energy potential | C10 (MPa) | D1 (MPa) | Permeability (mm/s) | |||
| Hyperelastic cartilage | Neo-Hookean | 2.14 | 0.399 | 4.87 × 10–8 | |||