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. 2022 Mar 28;13(3):272. doi: 10.1038/s41419-022-04620-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — A A volcano plot of differentially expressed mRNAs in osteosarcoma samples from the GSE41445 dataset. The abscissa represents −log10 (p value), the ordinate represents logFC, the red dots indicate significantly upregulated genes and the green dots indicate significantly downregulated genes in osteosarcoma samples. B A heat map of differentially expressed lncRNAs in osteosarcoma samples from the GSE41445 dataset. The abscissa represents the sample number and the ordinate represents the lncRNA; the left dendrogram refers to the lncRNA expression cluster and the histogram at the upper right refers to a color gradation; each small square in the figure represents the expression of a lncRNA in a sample. C Morphological characterization of the serum-EVs observed using a TEM. Scale bar = 100 nm. D The size distribution of EVs analyzed by NTA. E Western blot analysis of CD9, CD81, Alix, and Calnexin proteins in osteosarcoma cells and the isolated EVs. F MIAT expression was determined by RT-qPCR in the serum-EVs from healthy individuals and osteosarcoma patients (n = 68). G Internalization of EVs by MG63 cells observed under a fluorescence microscope (PKH67-labeled EVs show green fluorescence and DAPI-labeled nucleus show blue fluorescence) (scale bar: 25 μm). H Immunofluorescence analysis of Flag-labeled MIAT in MG63 cells following incubation with EVs (Flag-labeled MIAT shows red fluorescence and DAPI-labeled nucleus shows blue fluorescence) (scale bar: 25 μm). I MIAT expression was determined by RT-qPCR in U2OS and MG63 cells incubated with EV-MIAT. J Proliferation of EV-treated U2OS and MG63 cells measured by CCK-8 assay. K Angiogenesis of EV-treated U2OS and MG63 cells measured by microtubule formation in vitro. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. All experiments were conducted three times independently.