Fig. 7.

Atrial remodeling and AF progression were attenuated in Myh6-Cre⁺/Hspa9^flox/flox+ TM mice.

A, Epicardial electrical mapping recording of the left atria. Analysis results of left atrial conduction velocity (LACV) (B), LA absolute inhomogeneity (C), and LA inhomogeneity index (D), B-D data are the mean ± SEM, ^#P < 0.01, n = 6 per group, ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test. E, Analysis results of EPS parameters. SCL, sinus cycle length; AVWCL, atrioventricular Wenckebach cycle length. F, Quantifications of sinus node recovery time (SNRT). G, Quantification of atrium effective refractory period (AERP) at basic cycle lengths of 120 ms and 100 ms. H, Representative AF episodes induced by right atrial (RA) burst pacing. I, Quantification of AF inducibility. E-I values are the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05; ^#P < 0.01; n = 11 per group, Chi-square test with Pearson's. J, Representative images of RA HE and Masson's trichrome staining. Scale bar = 50 μm. K, Analysis results of interstitial fibrosis. Values are the mean ± SEM. ^#P < 0.01; n = 6 per group, ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test.