FIGURE 3.

Concurrent Model of multisensory integration. (A) Graphical representation of the sensory information flow when the target, T, to be reached (on the left) and the hand, H, used to perform the movement (on the right) can be both sensed through vision, V (red), and proprioception, P (blue). ΔV and ΔP represent the concurrent representations in the visual and proprioceptive space of the movement to be performed to reach the target. The weights W_ΔV and W_ΔP (see Equation 3) allow one to optimally combine the concurrent representations and maximize the precision of the final motor vector estimation (Δ). (B) Application of the model to the cross-modal task of reaching a visual target with an unseen hand. Missing sensory cues are gray. The green arrows represent cross-modal transformations, that is, the encoding of an information coming from the visual system in the reference frame associated to the proprioceptive sensory system, V→P, or vice-versa, P→V. (C,D) Model application to uni-modal visual and proprioceptive tasks, respectively, where no cross-modal transformations are predicted.