Table 13.
Summary of presumptive ESBL‐/AmpC‐/CP‐producing Salmonella spp. from animals and meat (carcases) and indicator E. coli from caecal samples collected within the routine monitoring, EU MSs 2019–2020
| Matrix |
Presumptive ESBL and/or AmpC producers( a ) n (%R) |
Presumptive ESBL n (%R) |
Presumptive AmpC n (%R) |
Presumptive ESBL+AmpC n (%R) |
Presumptive CP producers( e ) n (%R) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salmonella | |||||
|
Broiler meat (N = 905, 18 MSs) |
3 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 |
|
Broilers (N = 1,955, 22 MSs) |
41 (2.1) | 38 (1.9) | 3 (0.2) | 0 | 0 |
| Fattening turkeys (N = 674, 16 MSs) | 3 (0.4) | 3 (0.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
Laying hens (N = 1,184, 24 MSs) |
4 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 0 |
|
Pig meat (N = 1,088, 26 MSs) |
4 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 |
|
Bovine meat (N = 91, 7 MS) |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| E. coli | |||||
|
Broilers (N = 3,923, 27 MSs) |
53 (1.4) | 44 (1.1) | 16 (0.4) | 7 (0.2) | 0 |
| Fattening turkeys (N = 1,557, 11 MSs) | 26 (1.7) | 23 (1.5) | 6 (0.4) | 3 (0.2) | 0 |
|
Fattening pigs (N = 4,296, 28 MSs) |
57 (1.3) | 43 (1.0) | 15 (0.3) | 1 (< 0.1) | 0 |
|
Bovines, < 1 year (N = 1,605, 9 MSs) |
19 (1.2) | 17 (1.1) | 2 (0.1) | 0 | 0 |
N: total of isolates reported for this monitoring by the MSs; n: number of the isolates resistant; %R: percentage of resistant isolates; ESBL: extended‐ spectrum b‐lactamase; MSs: EU Member States.
According to EUCAST Guidelines (EUCAST, 2019), only isolates showing an MIC > 1 mg/L for cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime (screening breakpoint) were considered (see Appendix F, Materials and methods).
All isolates showing clavulanate synergy with cefotaxime, ceftazidime or with both compounds, suggesting the presence of an ESBL (independently of the presence of other mechanisms).
Isolates with microbiological resistance to cefoxitin, suggesting the presence of an AmpC enzyme (independently of the presence of other mechanisms).
Isolates showing synergy with cefotaxime or ceftazidime and with microbiological resistance to cefoxitin, suggesting the presence of ESBL and AmpC enzymes in the same isolate. These isolates are also included in the ESBL and AmpC columns.
Isolates with microbiological meropenem resistance.