TABLE 3—
Prevalence of Exposure to Each Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) by Generation and LGBTQ+ Identity: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2019
| ACEs | Generation, % (95% CI) | ||||
| Baby Boomers | Generation X | Millennials | Generation Z | P | |
| LGBTQ+ | |||||
| Household depression | 15.35 (11.23, 19.47) | 35.33* (28.02, 42.63) | 48.78* (43.27, 54.28) | 44.82* (36.52, 53.11) | < .001 |
| Household alcoholism | 28.95 (22.38, 35.51) | 36.9 (29.46, 44.33) | 34.94 (29.97, 39.91) | 32.56 (24.85, 40.28) | .47 |
| Household drug use | 11.89 (7.71, 16.08) | 22.81 (15.71, 29.9) | 28.96* (23.97, 33.96) | 21.91 (15.67, 28.16) | < .001 |
| Household incarceration | 6.08 (2.99, 9.17) | 20.32* (13.18, 27.46) | 21.11* (17.09, 25.12) | 23.18* (16.73, 29.62) | < .001 |
| Parental divorce | 25.11 (17.68, 32.55) | 40.72* (33.04, 48.40) | 47.15* (41.67, 52.64) | 47.40* (38.88, 55.92) | < .001 |
| Interparental violence | 17.37 (12.97, 21.77) | 31.37* (24.02, 38.71) | 28.15* (23.52, 32.77) | 24.95 (17.81, 32.09) | .021 |
| Physical abuse | 30.18 (23.55, 36.81) | 38.16 (30.67, 45.65) | 39.78 (34.40, 45.16) | 33.65 (25.83, 41.47) | .19 |
| Emotional abuse | 36.29 (29.90, 42.67) | 49.50 (41.85, 57.15) | 63.08* (57.68, 68.48) | 57.19* (48.44, 65.94) | < .001 |
| Touched sexually | 21.98 (15.20, 28.76) | 33.21 (25.93, 40.49) | 24.63 (19.79, 29.48) | 16.63 (10.34, 22.93) | .008 |
| Forced to touch sexually | 18.87 (12.21, 25.54) | 30.39 (23.12, 37.67) | 19.97 (15.75, 24.19) | 15.25 (8.99, 21.51) | .011 |
| Rape | 10.24 (6.28, 14.19) | 22.57* (15.77, 29.36) | 14.02 (10.38, 17.66) | 10.54 (4.68, 16.39) | .008 |
| Not LGBTQ+ | |||||
| Household depression | 12.16 (11.39, 12.94) | 16.93* (15.78, 18.07) | 23.85* (22.31, 25.39) | 28.29* (24.47, 32.10) | < .001 |
| Household alcoholism | 21.69 (20.81, 22.57) | 22.70 (21.48, 23.92) | 22.70 (21.23, 24.17) | 20.59 (17.31, 23.86) | .4 |
| Household drug use | 6.04 (5.53, 6.55) | 11.47* (10.51, 12.43) | 15.70* (14.45, 16.94) | 14.27* (11.78, 16.77) | < .001 |
| Household incarceration | 4.11 (3.56, 4.65) | 7.20* (6.43, 7.97) | 13.05* (11.77, 14.33) | 14.82* (12.06, 17.59) | < .001 |
| Parental divorce | 19.67 (18.79, 20.55) | 35.37* (33.86, 36.88) | 41.84* (39.98, 43.70) | 39.31* (35.23, 43.38) | < .001 |
| Interparental violence | 15.57 (14.74, 16.40) | 18.46* (17.27, 19.65) | 16.61 (15.27, 17.94) | 15.57 (12.75, 18.39) | .006 |
| Physical abuse | 23.50 (22.54, 24.47) | 26.14* (24.75, 27.54) | 22.98 (21.37, 24.58) | 21.02 (17.72, 24.32) | .003 |
| Emotional abuse | 29.75 (28.69, 30.81) | 34.54* (33.11, 35.96) | 39.38* (37.55, 41.21) | 41.51* (37.32, 45.70) | < .001 |
| Touched sexually | 10.46 (9.78, 11.14) | 12.15* (11.15, 13.14) | 9.64 (8.49, 10.79) | 7.06* (5.20, 8.92) | < .001 |
| Forced to touch sexually | 6.97 (6.44, 7.50) | 9.37* (8.49, 10.24) | 7.81 (6.75, 8.88) | 5.54 (3.70, 7.38) | .001 |
| Rape | 4.16 (3.72, 4.59) | 5.59* (4.89, 6.30) | 4.59 (3.70, 5.48) | 2.68 (1.46, 3.90) | .001 |
Note. CI = confidence interval; LGBTQ+ = lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer plus. Weighted frequency of people with each ACE in 2019 by LGBTQ+ identity for baby boomers (1946–1964), Generation X (1965–1980), millennials (1981–1996), and Generation Z (1997–2001). Percentages are weighted using the design variables for the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The P values are for the goodness-of-fit χ2 test for each ACE.
*Significantly different from baby boomers at P < .05.