Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants in India, Laos, and Tajikistan
| Variable |
India (N = 3000) |
Laos (N = 2504) |
Tajikistan (N = 3000) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Factors | ||||
| Sex | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | 1721 (57.4%) | 1151 (46.0%) | 1173 (39.1%) | |
| Female | 1279 (42.6%) | 1353 (54.0%) | 1827 (60.9%) | |
| Age | 0.001 | |||
| 15–29 | 996 (33.2%) | 748 (29.9%) | 1042 (34.7%) | |
| 30–49 | 1259 (42.0%) | 1086 (43.4%) | 1179 (39.3%) | |
| 50 or above | 745 (24.8%) | 670 (26.8%) | 779 (26.0%) | |
| Marital status | 0.098 | |||
| Not currently married | 821 (27.4%) | 640 (25.6%) | 843 (28.1%) | |
| Married | 2179 (72.6%) | 1864 (74.4%) | 2157 (71.9%) | |
| Urban/rural setting | 0.039 | |||
| Lives in a rural area, small town/village, or suburb | 2760 (92.0%) | 2256 (90.1%) | 2744 (91.5%) | |
| Lives in a large city | 240 (8.0%) | 248 (9.9%) | 256 (8.5%) | |
| Per Capita Income Quintiles | 0.079 | |||
| 0-20% | 510 (17.0%) | 493 (19.7%) | 504 (16.8%) | |
| 20-40% | 582 (19.4%) | 473 (18.9%) | 544 (18.1%) | |
| 40-60% | 606 (20.2%) | 489 (19.5%) | 587 (19.6%) | |
| 60-80% | 605 (20.2%) | 497 (19.8%) | 628 (20.9%) | |
| 80-100% | 697 (23.2%) | 552 (22.0%) | 737 (24.6%) | |
| Education Level | < 0.001 | |||
| Completed primary or less | 1823 (60.8%) | 1515 (60.5%) | 644 (21.5%) | |
| Completed secondary | 952 (31.7%) | 755 (30.2%) | 1628 (54.3%) | |
| Completed tertiary | 225 (7.5%) | 234 (9.3%) | 728 (24.3%) | |
| Employment Status | < 0.001 | |||
| Unemployed | 135 (4.5%) | 7 (0.3%) | 171 (5.7%) | |
| Employed full time for an employer | 872 (29.1%) | 362 (14.5%) | 515 (17.2%) | |
| Employed full time for self | 370 (12.3%) | 1087 (43.4%) | 110 (3.7%) | |
| Employed part time and do not want full time | 257 (8.6%) | 537 (21.4%) | 268 (8.9%) | |
| Employed part time and want full time | 301 (10.0%) | 381 (15.2%) | 299 (10.0%) | |
| Out of the workforce | 1065 (35.5%) | 130 (5.2%) | 1637 (54.6%) | |
| Environmental Factors | ||||
| Community Basics Index | 75.4 (26.9) | 69.0 (25.5) | 83.6 (19.4) | < 0.001 |
| Civic Engagement Index | 32.6 (36.2) | 27.9 (28.8) | 36.6 (31.0) | < 0.001 |
| Communications Access Index | 54.2 (31.6) | 53.9 (35.3) | 54.2 (33.2) | 0.936 |
| Financial Life Index | 36.2 (26.8) | 37.0 (20.5) | 59.7 (30.6) | < 0.001 |
| Food and Shelter Index | 62.4 (42.3) | 44.6 (41.8) | 62.9 (41.2) | < 0.001 |
| Law and Order Score | 77.7 (26.8) | 72.3 (32.7) | 91.0 (20.1) | < 0.001 |
| Social Life Index | 71.8 (33.5) | 77.6 (29.7) | 85.1 (26.3) | < 0.001 |
| Youth Development Index | 81.7 (28.4) | 80.6 (27.8) | 91.1 (19.8) | < 0.001 |
| MDS Variables | ||||
| Capacity Score | 9.9 (0.0, 37.8) | 37.8 (24.2, 48.3) | 9.9 (0.0, 31.1) | < 0.001 |
| Disability Score | 28.0 (1.4, 45.3) | 41.5 (30.9, 49.5) | 11.3 (1.4, 35.0) | < 0.001 |
| Assistive Technology (AT) | < 0.001 | |||
| Do not use AT and do not need any AT | 2131 (71.0%) | 1636 (65.3%) | 2155 (71.8%) | |
| Use AT and do not need more AT | 556 (18.5%) | 414 (16.5%) | 570 (19.0%) | |
| Need more AT | 313 (10.4%) | 454 (18.1%) | 275 (9.2%) | |
| Health Conditions | ||||
| Vision Loss | 263 (8.8%) | 373 (14.9%) | 299 (10.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Hearing Loss (partial or total) | 148 (4.9%) | 204 (8.1%) | 114 (3.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Heart disease (coronary heart disease, heart attack) | 92 (3.1%) | 236 (9.4%) | 303 (10.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Stroke | 66 (2.2%) | 43 (1.7%) | 48 (1.6%) | 0.192 |
| Diabetes | 123 (4.1%) | 97 (3.9%) | 76 (2.5%) | 0.002 |
| Arthritis | 291 (9.7%) | 389 (15.5%) | 379 (12.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Bronchitis or emphysema | 113 (3.8%) | 100 (4.0%) | 113 (3.8%) | 0.884 |
| Asthma or allergic respiratory disease | 157 (5.2%) | 245 (9.8%) | 206 (6.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Back pain | 656 (21.9%) | 1224 (48.9%) | 1067 (35.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Depression | 371 (12.4%) | 305 (12.2%) | 419 (14.0%) | 0.084 |
| Anxiety | 612 (20.4%) | 511 (20.4%) | 371 (12.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Trauma | 153 (5.1%) | 243 (9.7%) | 111 (3.7%) | < 0.001 |
For the capacity and disability scores, the median (first quartile, third quartile) is shown. For categorical and binary variables, the number in each category (percentage of total participants) is shown. For the environmental factors, the mean (standard deviation) is shown. Sampling weights were not used to adjust these values, so this table should be interpreted as representing the characteristics of the sample but not of the countries themselves