Table 2.
Total betweenness centrality and total percent of ARWU ranked institutions by traditional, planned, and emerging hubs
| Time period | Size of network | Traditional destinations | Planned hubs | Emerging hubs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total mobile students worldwide | Total betweenness centrality | Total % WR | Total betweenness centrality | Total % WR | Total betweenness centrality | Total % WR | |
| 1999/2000–2002/2003 | 2.1 M–2.6 M | 6526.004 | 68.1% | 643.663 | 4.2% | 2504.143 | 6.9% |
| 2003/2004–2006/2007 | 2.7 M–3.1 M | 6521.091 | 72.2% | 599.803 | 3.9% | 2848.572 | 6.1% |
| 2007/2008–2010/2011 | 3.3 M–4.0 M | 5898.188 | 67.5% | 840.660 | 3.8% | 3395.190 | 7.7% |
| 2011/2012–2014/2015 | 4.1 M–4.8 M | 4849.279 | 63.4% | 1046.727 | 4.3% | 3869.475 | 10.6% |
| 2015/2016–2018/2019 | 5.1 M–5.7 M | 4334.096 | 52.3% | 1185.475 | 6.3% | 4441.070 | 18.2% |
| Change over time | − 2191.908 | − 15.8% | 541.812 | 2.1% | 1936.927 | 11.3% | |
| Percent change over time | − 33.6% | − 23.2% | 84.2% | 50.2% | 77.35% | 163.4% | |