Table 5.
Comparison of parameters of clinical presentation, precipitating factors, cardiovascular risk factors, and demographics between patients with and without cardiac decompensation by Mann–Whitney-U test or if nominal by Chi Square test.
| Cardiac Decompensation (n = 20) | Without Cardiac Decompensation (n = 36) | p = | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median or n (%) | IQR | Median or n (%) | IQR | ||
| Betablockers | 52.0 | 19.4 | 0.013 | ||
| ACE/AT-1 inibitor | 56.0 | 32.3 | 0.053 | ||
| Anticoagulation | 20.0 | 9.7 | 0.362 | ||
| SSRI/SNRI | 28.0 | 19.4 | 0.119 | ||
| Diuretics | 24.0 | 12.9 | 0.069 | ||
| Inhalation therapy | 30.0 | 19.4 | 0.342 | ||
| Age (years) | 76.0 | 64.5–81.0 | 67.0 | 60.0–76.0 | 0.252 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8 | 21.8–28.9 | 25.0 | 21.6–30.2 | 0.184 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 132.0 | 119.3–148.5 | 130.0 | 116.0–162.8 | 0.661 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 85.0 | 70.0–93.0 | 80.0 | 69.0–96.0 | 0.697 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.5 | 5.2–5.9 | 5.4 | 5.3–5.7 | 0.526 |
| Smoking | 32.0 | 25.8 | 0.860 | ||
| History of stroke | 12.0 | 3.2 | 0.333 | ||
| Oncologic disease | 12.0 | 12.9 | 0.206 | ||
| Female sex | 92.0 | 93.5 | 0.699 | ||
| EF (%) | 40.0 | 35.0–45.0 | 45.0 | 40.0–50.0 | 0.074 |
| LA (ml) | 42.0 | 28.0–75.0 | 40.0 | 34.0–65.5 | 0.921 |
| E/E‘ | 10.0 | 8.0–12.0 | 12.5 | 8.5–14.5 | 0.138 |
| QTc (ms) | 458.0 | 439.0–476.0 | 455.5 | 434.3–498.3 | 0.426 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 82.0 | 73.0–90.0 | 75.0 | 61.0–83.0 | 0.300 |
AF (Atrial Fibrillation), BMI (Body Mass Index), CRP (C Reactive Protein), DBP (Diastolic Blood Pressure), E/E’ (ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity), EF (Ejection fraction), HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c), SBP (Systolic Blood Pressure), LA (Left atrium), LDL (low density lipoprotein), SSRI/SNRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor/selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor).