Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| Parameters | All Patients (n = 54) # |
No Treatment (n = 12) |
ISU Therapy (n = 21) |
Biological Therapy (n = 9) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 58.7 ± 13.3 | 66.1 ± 13.7 | 59.12 ± 12.4 | 62.7 ± 10.0 |
| Sex (male: female) n (%) | 7:47 (13.0:87.0) |
1:11 (8.3:91.7) |
3:18 (14.3:85.7) |
1:8 (11.1:88.9) |
| GAP score n (%) | ||||
| Stage I (0–3 points) | 48 (88.9) | 12 (100) | 20 (95.2) | 8 (88.9) |
| Stage II (4–5 points) | 6 (11.1) | 0 | 1 (5) | 1 (1.1) |
| Stage III (6–8 points) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ever smoker n (%) Non-smoker n (%) |
14 (25.9) 40 (74.1) |
4 (33.3) 8 (66.7) |
5 (23.8) 16 (76.2) |
2 (22.2) 7 (77.8) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 4.3 | 23.6 ± 3.1 | 25.0 ± 4.4 | 26.4 ± 4.5 |
| Overweight n (%) | 21 (38.9) | 3 (25.0) | 8 (38.1) | 5 (55.6) |
| PF-ILD n (%) | 15 (27.8) | 5 (41.7) | 7 (33.3) | 3 (33.3) |
| Symptoms n (%) | ||||
| Dyspnea | 26 (48.2) | 6 (50.0) | 8 (38.1) | 5 (55.6) |
| Cough | 15 (27.8) | 4 (33.3) | 1 (4.8) * | 4 (44.4) |
| Chest pain | 5 (9.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Joint pain | 8 (14.8.) | 1 (8.3) | 5 (23.8) | 1 (11.1) |
| Clubbing | 1 (1.91) | 0 | 0 | 1 (11.1) |
| Weight loss | 3 (5.6%) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (4.9) | 1 (11.1) |
| Crackles | 15 (27.8) | 5 (41.7) | 6 (28.6) | 2 (22.2) |
| Raynaud’s phenomenon | 38 (70.5) | 8 (66.7) | 13 (61.9) | 5 (55.6) |
| GIT involvement | 10 (18.5) | 5 (41.7) *** | 2 (9.5) | 3 (33.3) |
| HRCT pattern n (%) |
||||
| NSIP n | 34 (63.0) | 11 (91.7) | 15 (71.4) | 3 (33.3) ** |
| UIP/pUIP n | 8 (14.8) | 1 (8.3) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (44.4) *** |
| Other or no data n | 10 (18.5) | 0 | 4 (19.0) | 2 (22.2) |
| Serological pattern n (%) | ||||
| ANA | 23 (42.6) | 8 (66.7) | 12 (57.1) | 3 (33.3) |
| ACA | 1 (1.9) | 1 (8.3) | 0 | 0 |
| RF | 3 (5.6) | 2 (1.7) | 1 (4.8) | 0 |
| ACCP | 1 (1.9) | 0 | 1 (4.8) | 0 |
| Anti-RNA-polymerase | 2 (3.7) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (4.8) | 0 |
| Anti-cytoplasmatic | 5 (9.3) | 1 (8.3) | 2 (9.5) | 2 (22.2) |
| Anti-chromatin | 12 (22.2) | 5 (41.7) | 6 (28.6) | 1 (11.1) |
| Anti-Smith | 1 (1.9) | 1 (8.3) | 0 | 0 |
| Anti-Jo-1 | 1 (1.9) | 0 | 1 (4.8) | 0 |
| Anti-SSA | 2 (3.7) | 0 | 2 (9.5) | 0 |
| Anti-SSB | 1 (1.9) | 1 (8.3) | 0 | 0 |
| Anti-SCL-70 | 18 (33.3) | 8 (66.7) | 9 (42.9) ** | 1 (11.1) |
| Anti-RNP | 4 (7.4) | 3 (25) | 1 (4.8) | 0 |
| Anti-dsDNA | 3 (5.6) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (11.1) |
ACA, anticentromere antibodies; ACCP, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies; anti-dsDNA, antibodies to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid; anti-SSA, Ro autoantibodies; anti-SSB, anti-La antibodies; anti-SCL-70, anti-topoisomerase I antibodies; anti-RNP, antibodies to ribonucleoprotein; ANA, anti-nuclear antibodies; BMI, body mass index; GAP, gender–age–physiology index; GIT, gastrointestinal tract; HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography; ISU, immunosuppressive; NSIP, non-specific interstitial pneumonia; PF-ILD, progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease; pUIP, probable usual interstitial pneumonia; RF, rheumatoid factor; UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia; # total number of patients were 54, but out of these only 42 had follow-up data; * p < 0.05 vs. no treatment and biological therapy subgroup ** p < 0.05 vs. no treatment subgroup, *** p < 0.05 vs. ISU subgroup.