Table 1.
Participant characteristics and variable descriptives.
| Variable | M (SD) or N (%) |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Age (years) | 9.91 (0.63) |
| Sex-at-birth | |
| Female | 3,786 (47) |
| Male | 4,193 (53) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| Asian | 171 (2) |
| Black | 1,001 (13) |
| Hispanic | 1,606 (20) |
| Other | 827 (10) |
| White | 4,374 (55) |
| Familial risk for psychosisa | |
| Yes | 161 (2) |
| No | 7,818 (98) |
| Psychopathology | |
| Prodromal questionnaire-brief child, one-year follow-up | |
| Total score | 1.84 (3.14) |
| Total persistence | 2,951 (37) |
| Total onset | 873 (11) |
| Child behavior checklist, one-year follow-up | |
| Externalizing symptoms (T score) | 45.29 (10.11) |
| Internalizing symptoms (T score) | 48.17 (10.47) |
| Urbanicity and candidate mediators | |
| Urbanicity (population density; people per km2) | 2,181.81 (2,610.97) |
| Average levels of PM2.5 in 2016 (μg/m3) | 7.52 (2.55) |
| 3-Year Average of ground-level NO2 (μg/m3) | 2.45 (1.64) |
| Proximity to major roads (meters) | 1,218.37 (1,323.29) |
| Homes at risk for exposure to lead-based paint (%) | 20.50 (15.86) |
| Families below poverty line (%) | 11.13 (11.99) |
| Income disparityb | 2.09 (1.33) |
| Total adult violent offenses | 3,619.72 (7,769.44) |
| Marijuana sales | 471.49 (902.02) |
a
Defined by caregiver report as to whether either biological parent “ever had a period lasting six months when they saw visions or heard voices or thought people were spying on them or plotting against them”.
b
log of 100 x ratio of households with $50,000 in annual income (55).