Table 2.

Associations between urbanicity (predictor), psychopathology, and candidate mediators.

Outcome variable	β (SE) / Odds Ratio	95% CI	p
Psychopathology
Ple-total score	0.053 (0.013)	0.028, 0.078	<0.001*
Ple-total persistence	1.089	1.029, 1.151	0.003*
Ple-total onset	0.987	0.908, 1.074	0.765
Externalizing symptoms	0.011 (0.012)	−0.013, 0.036	0.364
Internalizing symptoms	0.018 (0.012)	−0.007, 0.042	0.160
Candidate mediators
PM2.5	0.115 (0.006)	0.103, 0.127	<0.001*
NO2	0.219 (0.006)	0.207, 0.230	<0.001*
Proximity to roads	−0.117 (0.012)	−0.142, −0.093	<0.001*
Lead paint	0.316 (0.012)	0.293, 0.338	<0.001*
Families in poverty	0.324 (0.013)	0.299, 0.350	<0.001*
Income disparity	0.325 (0.012)	0.301, 0.350	<0.001*
Violent offenses	0.047 (0.003)	0.042, 0.053	<0.001*
Marijuana sales	0.038 (0.003)	0.032, 0.045	<0.001*

Associations were corrected for effect of age, sex-at-birth, parental risk for psychosis and include the random intercepts for family nested in site.

^*False Discovery Rate (FDR) corrected p < 0.05.