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Oncogenic RAS promotes DNA repair. RAS-dependent ROS formation stimulates DNA repair (HR and NER) and the DDR by the activity of NFkB, AP-1, Sp1, and NRF2 transcription factors and PARP activation. On the other hand, RAS fosters DNA repair (NHEJ and alt-NHEJ) directly through activation of MEK, PI3K, and p38 pathways and the NRF2 transcription factor.
