Table 1.

Association between Health spending with burden of ROP-related vision loss and preterm prevalence among 204 countries and territories in 2019.

	ROP-related vision loss (YLDs) †		Preterm birth prevalence
	Coefficient	95% Confidence interval	Coefficient	95% Confidence interval
Socio-demographic index (per 0.1 increment)	−0.01	[−0.28, 0.10]	–78.09	[–98.84, –57.35]
Total health spending per person (per 1,000 USD increment)	−0.06	[−0.23, 0.10]	–39.84	[–61.01, –18.67]
Total health spending per person (per 1,000 PPP increment)	−0.01	[−0.18, 0.16]	–47.39	[–68.28, –26.50]
Government health spending per person (per 1,000 USD increment)	−0.07	[−0.31, 0.17]	−63.11	[−93.23, −33.00]
Government health spending per person (per 1,000 PPP increment)	−0.02	[−0.25, 0.22]	−69.34	[−97.98, −40.69]
Prepaid private health spending per person (per 1,000 USD increment)	−0.20	[−0.74, 0.34]	−13.09	[−87.31, 61.13]
Prepaid private health spending per person (per 1,000 PPP increment)	−0.10	[−0.72, 0.51]	−7.35	[−91.67, 76.97]
Out-of-pocket health spending per person (per 1,000 USD increment)	−0.24	[−1.23, 0.75]	−283.34	[−406.59, −160.09]
Out-of-pocket health spending per person (per 1,000 PPP increment)	0.28	[−0.65, 1.21]	−318.02	[−427.18, −208.85]
DAH per person (per 1,000 USD increment)	−11.36	[−26.05, 1.33]	863.01	[−1015.49, 2741.67]
DAH per person (per 1,000 PPP increment)	−4.81	[−15.16, 5.55]	2124.18	[769.89, 3478.47]
Government health spending per total health spending (per 10% increment)	−0.19	[−0.33, −0.04]	−51.27	[−68.29, −34.26]
Total health spending per GDP	−0.03	[−0.13, 0.07]	−14.62	[−27.56, −1.68]
Government health spending per GDP	−0.10	[−0.22, 0.02]	−38.71	[−53.59, −23.83]

PPP, Purchasing power parities; DAH, Development assistance for health. Preterm birth prevalence was measured as cases per 100,000 population.

^†Adjusted for Preterm birth prevalence in 2019. Bold value indicates P < 0.05.