Table 1. Characteristics of anti-HCV positive persons identified during HIV outbreak investigation, by HIV serostatus, Unnao, India* .
| Characteristic | HIV–HCV co-infection | HCV monoinfection | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total no. persons |
28 (100) |
70 (100) |
|
| Mean age, y |
50 |
38 |
0.044 |
| Sex | |||
| M | 09 (32.1) | 33 (47.1) | 0.175 |
| F |
19 (67.9) |
37 (52.9) |
|
| Area of residence | |||
| Chakmeerapur | 12 (42.9) | 32 (45.7) | 0.957 |
| Kirvidyapur | 1 (3.6) | 2 (2.9) | |
| Premganj |
15 (53.6) |
36 (51.4) |
|
| Occupation | |||
| Unemployed | 17 (60.7) | 29 (41.4) | 0.147 |
| Farmer | 5 (17.9) | 12 (17.1) | |
| Nonagricultural |
6 (21.4) |
29 (41.4) |
|
| Ever had sex with female casual partner (as reported by male participants)† | |||
| Yes | 1 (14.3) | 2 (6.1) | 0.453 |
| No |
6 (85.7) |
31 (93.9) |
|
| Ever had sex with male casual partner (as reported by female participants)† | |||
| Yes | 1 (5.26) | 0 | 0.345 |
| No |
18 (94.74) |
36 (100) |
|
| Condom use during last sex† | |||
| Yes | 3 (12.5) | 11 (17.2) | 0.750 |
| No |
21 (87.5) |
53 (82.8) |
|
| Intravenous injection in therapeutic setting in past 5 years | |||
| Yes | 27 (96.4) | 47 (67.1) | 0.002 |
| No |
1 (3.6) |
23 (32.86) |
|
| Intramuscular injection in therapeutic setting in past 5 years | |||
| Yes | 27 (96.4) | 45 (64.3) | 0.001 |
| No |
1 (3.6) |
25 (35.7) |
|
| Way syringe and needle used while receiving intramuscular injection in past 5 years† | |||
| Injected by used syringe and needle | 9 (32.1) | 3 (4.3) | 0.0001 |
| Injected by new syringe and needle | 13 (46.4) | 60 (85.7) | |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. HCV, hepatitis C virus. †Because of nonresponse from some participants, numbers may not sum to total.