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. 2022 Mar 11;12:837589. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837589

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Chloroquine pretreatment partially prevents TTFields-induced loss of cilia. (A–D) S7 or (E–L) L0 cells pretreated with vehicle (A, C, E, G, I, K) or 20 µM chloroquine (CQ) (B, F, J, D, H, L) and left untreated (control) (A, B, E, F, I, J) or exposed to TTFields (C,D, G, H, K, L). Cells were fixed after the indicated time point and stained for ARL13B (green) and PCM1 (red) with nuclei stained with DAPI (blue). Arrows point to cilia observed in the indicated treatments. Scale bars for the respective rows in (D, H, L) = 10 µm. (M) Percent of S7 and (N) L0 cells with ARL13B+ cilia for the indicated treatment group after 6 h or 24 h of TTFields (TTF). Mean lengths of ARL13B+ cilia in (O) S7 or (P) L0 cells for the indicated treatment group after 6 or 24 h of TTFields (TTF). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.005; **** p < 0.0001 (ANOVA).