Porous structure parameters of catalysts.

Catalysts	S BET a (m2 g−1)	V b (cm3 g−1)	D c (nm)
USY	689	0.41	2.47
Fresh-Pd@USY	573	0.32	2.36
Used-Pd@USY	61	0.10	6.33
Fresh-Pd@15ChCl@USY	71	0.12	7.06
Used-Pd@15ChCl@USY	35	0.06	6.82

^aSpecific surface area.

^bTotal pore volume.

^cAverage pore diameter.