FIGURE 3.

Illustration of Table 3. Relative performance of the maximum likelihood (MLE), standard raking, regression calibration (RC), multiple imputations (MI) using either the wild bootstrap or Bayesian approach, and the proposed multiple imputation with raking (MIR) estimators in two-stage analysis with continuous surrogates when $Z=\eta X$ for independent $\eta \sim \text{Γ}(4,4)$