Table 1.

Estimates of $\alpha$from SLiM Simulation.

Migration	Sex	Expected FST	F IT a	K S b (%)	K A b (%)	π S c Local (%)	π A c Local (%)	True ωad	DFE-Alpha ωa	Multi-DFE ωa (best)	True αd	Naiveeα	DFE-Alpha α	Multi-DFE α (best)	Asymptotic-MK α
0.000158	1	0.76	0.76	12.39	2.19	0.72	0.33	0.077	0.174	0.126	0.43	−0.02	0.69	0.71	0.40
0.000158	8	0.76	0.77	14.06	2.64	0.31	0.18	0.053	0.052	0.061	0.28	−0.17	0.26	0.33	0.27
0.000158	80	0.76	0.80	14.75	3.09	0.11	0.09	0.018	0.001	0.016	0.09	−0.42	0.01	0.08	0.07
0.001418	1	0.25	0.25	14.03	2.24	0.90	0.39	0.068	0.081	0.094	0.43	−0.20	0.48	0.59	0.39
0.001418	8	0.25	0.28	14.55	2.43	0.51	0.26	0.053	0.067	0.086	0.32	−0.34	0.39	0.51	0.27
0.001418	80	0.25	0.36	14.98	2.77	0.18	0.13	0.025	0.036	0.002	0.13	−0.59	0.19	0.01	0.01
0.00898	1	0.05	0.04	14.31	2.24	0.93	0.40	0.066	0.073	0.077	0.42	−0.23	0.45	0.49	0.35
0.00898	8	0.05	0.04	14.70	2.36	0.56	0.28	0.053	0.066	0.080	0.33	−0.38	0.40	0.50	0.25
0.00898	80	0.05	0.08	15.06	2.64	0.20	0.14	0.025	0.036	0.086	0.15	−0.67	0.20	0.49	0.09

Note.—The table shows key simulation parameters, simulated values of differentiation, divergence, diversity, α, and ω_a in a structured facultatively asexual population with no local adaptation. It also shows model-based estimates of ω_a and α obtained from DFE-alpha, Multi-DFE and asymptotic-MK. For Multi-DFE, we show the estimate from the best-fitting model, as inferred using the Akaike information criterion. A naïve estimate of α based on simple counts is downwardly biased, estimates from DFE-alpha and Multi-DFE tend to be slightly upwardly biased, and estimates from asymptotic MK are remarkably robust. Rows show increasing rates of migration (decreasing FST) and increasing rates of asexuality (every generation, 1-in-8 generations, 1-in-80 generations), and sampling is based on a single diploid individual from each deme.

^aTotal inbreeding, as used as a proxy for F_ST in our analysis.

^bDivergence from ancestral population.

^cMean within-deme diversity, calculated from a single diploid individual.

^dRate of adaptive substitution observed in the simulation.

^eEstimated from simulated data, using 1 − (D_NP_S/D_SP_N).