Table I.
Characteristics of included studies
| Author (country) Year | Participants n (M/F) | Groups (n) Mean age (SD) years | Vibration parameters | Duration | Outcomes | Key findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lai et al (China) (25) 2021 |
Patients diagnosed with KOA 81 (11/70) |
G1 (27): WBV+SE 63.52 (4.98) G2 (27): SE 64.81 (4.04) G3 (27): HE 63.67 (4.84) |
f (Hz): 20 A (mm): 2 a (g): NR | 3 (exposed time: 18–58.5 min) sessions/week ×8 weeks |
Physical function TUG, 6MWT, TDPM Knee strength ISK |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in knee extensor ISK |
| Aggarwal et al (India) (23) 2020 |
Patients diagnosed with KOA 30 (9/21) |
G1 (15): WBV+SE M 59 (5.68) F 57.5 (7.05) G2 (15): SE M 62 (5.88) F 61 (0) |
f (Hz): 25 A (mm): NR a (g): NR | 3 (exposed time: 9–21 min) sessions/week ×4 weeks |
Physical function WOMAC, CST, BBS Pain VAS |
G1 vs G2, Sign increase in VAS and WOMAC |
| Moura-F et al. (Brazil) (21) 2020 | Patients diagnosed with KOA 23 (NR) |
G1 (15): WBV G2 (8): Sham WBV 65 (8) | f (Hz): 5–14 D (mm): 2.5–7.5 a (g): 0.12–2.95 | 2 (exposed time: 18 min) sessions/week ×5 weeks |
Quality of life WHOQOL |
WBV did not contribute to alter the quality of life of participants |
| Moura et al. (Brazil) (22) 2020 | Obese patients diagnosed with KOA 37 (7/30) |
G1 (19): WBV 62.32 (2.52) G2 (18): Sham WBV 68.06 (2.02) |
f (Hz): 5 D (mm): 2.5–7.5 a (g): 0.12–0.37 | 3 bouts, 1 session, total 11 min | Pain VAS Physical function TUG, ATF, Borg scale |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in VAS, TUG and ATF |
| Simão et al (Brazil) (16) 2019 |
Female patients diagnosed with KOA 15 (0/15) |
G1 (7): WBV+ST G1: 75 (6.5) G2 (8): ST G2: 71 (3.3) |
f (Hz):35,40 A (mm): 4 a (g): 2.78–3.26 | 3 (exposed time: 6–16 min) sessions/week ×12 weeks |
Knee strength IQMS |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in IQMS |
| Lai et al. (China) (15) 2019 | Patients diagnosed with KOA 41 (5/36) |
G1 (20): WBV+ST 64.1 (4.95) G2 (21): ST 65 (4.39) |
f (Hz): 20 A (mm): 2 a (g): NR | 3 (exposed time: 18–58.5 min) sessions/week ×8 weeks |
Physical function TUG, 6MWT Knee strength ISK |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in knee extensor ISK |
| Bokaeian et al. (Iran) (29) 2016 | Patients diagnosed with KOA and able to walk 26 (2/24) |
G1 (15): WBV+SE 51.8 (8.3) G2 (11): SE 54.0 (3.9) |
f (Hz): 25–30 A (mm): 2 a (g): NR | 3 (exposed time: 9–31.5 min) sessions/week ×8 weeks |
Knee strength ISK Pain VAS Physical function WOMAC, 2MWT, TUG, 50FWT |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in knee extensor ISK, 2MWT, TUG and 50FWT |
| Wang P et al. (China) (24) 2016 | Patients diagnosed with KOA based on criteria of ACR 39 (16/23) |
G1 (19): WBV+QSE 61.1 (7.1) G2 (20): QSE 61.5 (7.3) |
f (Hz): 35 A (mm): 4–6 a (g): 1.0 | 5 (exposed time: 75 min) sessions/week ×12 weeks |
Physical function TUG, 6MWT, WOMAC, gait analysis Pain VAS |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in VAS, WOMAC, 6MWT, TUG and gait speed |
| Wang et al (China) (14) 2016 |
Patients diagnosed with KOA based on criteria of ACR 99 (28/71) |
G1 (49): WBV+QSE 61.2 (9.6) G2 (50): QSE 61.5 (9.1) |
f (Hz): 35 A (mm): 4–6 a (g): 1.0 | 5 (exposed time: 75 min) sessions/week ×24 weeks |
Quality of life SF-36 Pain VAS Physical function TUG, 6MWT, WOMAC Knee strength ISM | G1 vs G2, sign increase in VAS, SF-36, TUG, 6MWT, WOMAC and knee extensor ISM |
| Tsuji et al (Japan) (27) 2014 |
Postmenopausal women diagnosed with KOA 38 (0/38) |
G1 (29): WBV+HBE 62.1 (5.5) G2 (9): HBE 60.9 (4.6) |
f (Hz): 30,40 A (mm): 2.5 a (g): NR | 3 (exposed time: 54–69 min) sessions/week ×8 weeks |
Knee strength ISM, ISK Pain VAS Physical function JKOM, TUG |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in JKOM and TUG |
| Park et al (Korea) (26) 2013 |
Women diagnosed with KOA 22 (0/22) |
G1 (11): WBV+HBE 62.5 (5.66) G2 (11): HBE 60.0 (6.22) |
f (Hz): 12,14 A (mm): 2.5–5 a (g): NR | 3 (exposed time: 60 min) sessions/week ×8 weeks |
Knee strength ISK, ISM Physical function KWOMAC, LSS, SBCS Pain NRS |
G1 vs G2, sign increase in NRS |
| Simão et al (Brazil) (20) 2012 |
Patients diagnosed with KOA 35 (4/31) |
G1 (12): WBV+ST 75 (7.4) G2 (11): ST 69 (3.7) G3 (12): None 71 (5.3) |
f (Hz): 35,40 A (mm): 4 a (g): 2–2.61 | 3 (exposure time: 6–16 min) sessions/week ×12 weeks |
Physical function WOMAC, BBS, GST, and 6MWT | G1 vs G2, sign increase in WOMAC, BBS, and gait speed |
| Avelar et al (Brazil) (19) 2011 |
Patients diagnosed with KOA 21 (3/18) |
G1 (11): WBV+ST 75 (5) G2 (10): ST 71 (4) |
f (Hz): 35,40 A (mm): 4 a (g): 2.78–3.26 | 3 (exposed time: 6–16 min) sessions/week ×12 weeks |
Physical function BBS, TUG, CST, 6MWT, WOMAC |
G1 vs G2, failed to result in any significant improvement |
| Trans et al. (Denmark) (28) 2009 |
Women diagnosed with KOA 52 (0/52) |
G1 (18): WBV (BB) 58.7 (11) G2 (17): WBV (SP) 61.5 (9.2) G3 (17): None 61.1 (8.5) |
f (Hz): 25,30 A (mm): NR a (g): NR | 2 (exposure time 6–21 min) sessions/week ×8 weeks | Knee strength ISK, ISM Physical function WOMAC, TDPM |
G1 vs G3, sign increase in ISK and ISM; G2 vs G3, sign increase in TDPM |
A: amplitude; a, acceleration; ACR: American College of Rheumatology; ATF: anterior trunk flexion; BB: balance board; BBS: Berg Balance Scale; CG: control group; CST: chair stand test; D: displacement; F: female; f: frequency; G: group; GST: gait speed test; HE: health education; IQMS: isometric quadriceps muscle strength; ISM: isometric muscle strength; ISK: isokinetic muscle strength; JKOM: Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure; KOA: knee osteoarthritis; KWOMAC: Korean Western Ontario McMaster score; LI: Lequesne index; LSS: Lysholm scoring scale; M: male; NR: not reported; NRS: numerical rating scale; QSE: quadriceps strengthening exercise; SBCS: Standing Balance Control Scores; SE: strengthening exercise; SF-36: Medical Outcomes Short Form 36; SP: stable platform; ST: squat training; TDPM: threshold for detective of passive movement; TUG: Timed Up and Go test; VAS: visual analogue scale; WBV: whole-body vibration; WOMAC: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; WHOQOL: World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale; 2/6MWT: 2/6-minute walk test; 50FWT: 50-foot walk test.