Table 5.
Beta coefficients (95% CI) for association of differences in siblings’ social and environmental determinants with siblings’ diet quality in SOL Youth (n=720)
| Peer support for F&V intake |
Away-from-home food consumption |
School vending machine use |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| HEI-2010, overall | 1.42 (0.62, 2.21) ** | −1.24 (−2.15, −0.32) ** | −0.05 (−0.89, 0.80) |
| Total fruit† | 0.19 (0.07, 0.31)** | −0.14 (−0.28, 0.00) | 0.04 (−0.09, 0.17) |
| Whole fruit‡ | 0.23 (0.09, 0.36)** | −0.09 (−0.25, 0.06) | −0.03 (−0.17, 0.11) |
| Total vegetables§ | 0.02 (−0.07, 0.12) | 0.05 (−0.06, 0.15) | −0.02 (−0.12, 0.08) |
| Greens and beans§ | 0.01 (−0.11, 0.13) | 0.06 (−0.07, 0.20) | 0.01 (−0.11, 0.14) |
| Whole grains | 0.33 (0.09, 0.58)** | −0.28 (−0.56, −0.01)* | 0.08 (−0.17, 0.34) |
| Dairy¶ | 0.19 (0.01, 0.37)* | −0.18 (−0.39, 0.02) | 0.02 (−0.18, 0.21) |
| Total protein foods# | −0.01 (−0.09, 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.08, 0.10) | −0.02 (−0.11, 0.07) |
| Seafood and plant proteins†† | 0.06 (−0.08, 0.19) | −0.02 (−0.18, 0.14) | −0.06 (−0.20, 0.09) |
| Fatty acids‡‡ | −0.14 (−0.36, 0.08) | −0.10 (−0.35, 0.15) | 0.05 (−0.19, 0.28) |
| Refined grains | 0.24 (0.02, 0.46)* | −0.09 (−0.34, 0.16) | −0.12 (−0.35, 0.11) |
| Sodium | 0.07 (−0.14, 0.28) | −0.02 (−0.26, 0.22) | −0.12 (−0.34, 0.10) |
| Empty calories§§ | 0.23 (−0.05, 0.51) | −0.39 (−0.71, −0.07)* | 0.10 (−0.19, 0.40) |
F&V, Fruit and Vegetable
Sample size for these analyses was 720 instead of 740 due to missing data on peer support for fruit and vegetable intake, away-from-home food consumption, and the school food environment
All coefficients are from mixed models adjusted for youth’s age, youth’s sex, youth’s Hispanic/Latino background, youth’s nativity, parent’s education, household income, peer support for F&V intake, away-from-home food consumption, and school vending machine use as fixed effects and family as a random intercept
p<0.05
p<0.01
Includes fruit juice
Includes all forms except juice
Includes any beans and peas not counted as total protein foods
Includes all milk products (e.g., fluid milk, cheese) and fortified soy beverages
Beans and peas are included here when the total protein foods standard is otherwise not met
Includes seafood, nuts, seeds, and soy products (other than beverages), as well as beans and peas counted as total protein foods
Ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA)
Calories from solid fats, alcohol, and added sugars; threshold for counting alcohol is >28 grams/day