Table 5. Complication rates grouped by smoking status (current and ex-smokers) amongst COPD patients.
| Variables | Current smokers with COPD | Ex-smokers with COPD | Unadjusted analyses | Adjusted analyses | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | ORs | 95% CIs | p | AORs | 95% CIs | |||
| Total participants | 180 | 205 | ||||||
| Post-operative complications | 97 (49.2) | 100 (50.8) | 0.317 | 1.23 | 0.82–1.83 | 0.121 | 1.42 | 0.91–2.22 |
| Pulmonary complications | 58 (49.6) | 59 (50.4) | 0.464 | 1.18 | 0.76–1.82 | 0.343 | 1.26 | 0.78–2.03 |
| Atelectasis | 6 (46.2) | 7 (53.8) | 0.173 | 3.14 | 0.59–16.8 | 0.060 | 12.8 | 0.90–182 |
| Sputum retention | 17 (63.0) | 10 (37.0) | 0.024 | 4.68 | 1.17–18.7 | 0.015 | 10.90 | 1.58–74.9 |
| Pneumonia | 13 (39.4) | 20 (60.6) | 0.953 | 1.04 | 0.28–3.88 | 0.229 | 3.14 | 0.49–20.3 |
| ARDS | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 0.952 | 1.08 | 0.08–14.4 | 0.754 | 1.67 | 0.07–42.2 |
| Respiratory failure | 9 (42.9) | 12 (57.1) | 0.328 | 1.95 | 0.51–7.49 | 0.144 | 3.68 | 0.64–21.1 |
| Air leak | 24 (43.6) | 31 (56.4) | 0.735 | 0.77 | 0.18–3.42 | 0.920 | 0.91 | 0.15–5.60 |
| Empyema | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | 0.943 | 0.93 | 0.14–6.23 | 0.215 | 5.31 | 0.38–74.1 |
| Length of stay, Mean (±SD) | 10 (6.5) | 10.1 (7.6) | 0.871 | Mean difference (0.12) | (-1.30) to (1.53) | |||
OR: Odds Ratio, AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio, 95%CI: 95% Confidence Interval, ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome.
* Adjusted for: age, gender and BMI.