Table 1.

Summary statistics of health outcomes (US vs. China, age 60 +)

Variable	Country	Obs	Mean	SD	Min	Max	Variable description	CV
Self-rated health	US	3014	2.788	0.924	1	5	The average value of self-rated health between 2014 and 2016 (Would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor? 1. excellent, 2. very good, 3. good, 4. fair, 5. poor)	0.33
	CHN	8255	3.924	0.792	1	5	The average value of self-rated health between 2013 and 2015 (Would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor? 1. excellent, 2. very good, 3. good, 4. fair, 5. poor)	0.20
Mental health (CES-D score)	US	3014	1.205	1.588	0	8	The average value of mental2014 and mental2016; The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) 8-item version; each item score is 0 and 1, the total mental health score is from 0 to 8	1.32
	CHN	7667	8.470	5.814	0	30	The average value of mental2013 and mental2015; The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) 10-item version; each item scores from 0 to 3; the total mental health score is from 0 to 30	0.69
Mental health (depressive symptoms)	US	3014	0.153	0.360	0	1	The cutoff value for 8-item CES-D is 3 (1: yes; 0: no)	2.353
	CHN	7667	0.342	0.474	0	1	The cutoff value for 10-item CES-D is 10 (1: yes; 0: no)	1.386
Frailty	US	2266	1.030	1.000	0	5	The sum of low walking speed, low grip strength, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss; age 65 +	0.97
	CHN	4647	2.088	1.009	0	5	The sum of low walking speed, low grip strength, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss; age 65 +	0.50